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L'impact d'exonérations fiscales sur la création d'établissements et l'emploi en France rurale : une approche par discontinuité de la régression

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  • Adrien Lorenceau

    (PJSE - Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement)

Abstract

Since 1996 the French rural development policy has defined Rural Revitalization Zones (ZRR) in which the enterprises of less than 50 employees are eligible for tax exemptions. The fiscal exemptions are of great scale in the ZRR (30% of gross salary for the wages below 1.5 minimum wage) and they potentially apply to 10.7% of below 50 employees enterprises. Until now, the impact of the device on the economy has only be analysed in descriptive studies. In this paper, a measure of the causal impact of the exemptions in ZRR is suggested. A feature in the implementation of the device allows to use a well known econometric method in the evaluation of public policies. The enterprises located in the ZRR are the only one which can benefit from the exemptions. Moreover these zones have been defined using precise population density and demographics criteria. A Regression Discontinuity Design is therefore well suited to the evaluation the policy. It allows disentangling the impact of the ZRR implementation on firm and jobs creation from the background characteristics in the ZRR. Our results show that the tax exemptions neither have any significant impact on employment nor on firms creation in disadvantaged rural zones.

Suggested Citation

  • Adrien Lorenceau, 2009. "L'impact d'exonérations fiscales sur la création d'établissements et l'emploi en France rurale : une approche par discontinuité de la régression," PSE Working Papers halshs-00575100, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:psewpa:halshs-00575100
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    1. Behaghel, Luc & Lorenceau, Adrien & Quantin, Simon, 2015. "Replacing churches and mason lodges? Tax exemptions and rural development," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1-15.
    2. Luc Behaghel & Adrien Lorenceau & Simon Quantin, 2012. "Tax exemptions and rural development: Evidence from a quasi-experiment," Working Papers halshs-00728195, HAL.
    3. Koloma, Yaya & Alia, Hayyan, 2014. "Gendered Impact of Microcredit in Mali: An Evaluation by Propensity Score Matching," MPRA Paper 110202, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Schaeffer, Yves & Aubert, Francis, 2010. "La pertinence de la politique rurale à l’aune des théories de la justice," Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement (RAEStud), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 91(1).

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