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Impacts De La Politique De Reconversion Des Systèmes D’irrigation Gravitaire vers l’irrigation Localisée : Cas Du Sous Bassin Du Tadla Azilal

Author

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  • Fatima Ezzahra Mengoub
  • Caroline Lejars

    (Cirad-ES - Département Environnements et Sociétés - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, UMR G-EAU - Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement)

  • Mohammed Rachid Doukkali

Abstract

Au Maroc, les ressources en eau se font de plus en plus rares. De plus, celles-ci subissent plusieurs pressions notamment l'augmentation de leur demande ainsi que les effets négatifs du changement climatique. Devant cette situation, le gouvernement marocain a multiplié les efforts en termes d'intervention et de politique, que ce soit au niveau technique, juridique et/ou institutionnel. Adopté en 2009, le dernier programme national d'économie d'eau et d'irrigation envisage de reconvertir des systèmes d'irrigations traditionnels vers l'irrigation localisée. Ce travail vise l'évaluation des impacts économiques et sur les ressources en eau ce programme dans le sous basin de Tadla-Azilal. L'application d'un modèle de gestion intégrée montre qu'après reconversion, la marge brute agricole totale dans la zone augmenterait de 2%. Des changements s'effectueront aux niveaux des assolements, notamment le remplacement de certaines cultures par d'autres, devenues beaucoup plus rentables. L'application des volumes d'eau précis aux moments des pics de demande des plantes se traduira par une augmentation des rendements de toutes les cultures. Quant aux consommations en eau, celles-ci baisseront significativement au niveau de toutes les unités étudiées et les nappes souterraines seront moins sollicitées qu'avant.

Suggested Citation

  • Fatima Ezzahra Mengoub & Caroline Lejars & Mohammed Rachid Doukkali, 2021. "Impacts De La Politique De Reconversion Des Systèmes D’irrigation Gravitaire vers l’irrigation Localisée : Cas Du Sous Bassin Du Tadla Azilal," Post-Print hal-04009461, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04009461
    DOI: 10.19044/esj.2021.v17n24p46
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-04009461
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    1. Richard E. Howitt, 1995. "Positive Mathematical Programming," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 77(2), pages 329-342.
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