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Monetary Policy and the Currency Denomination of Debt: A Tale of Two Equilibria

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  • Roberto Chang
  • Andres Velasco

Abstract

Exchange rate policies depend on portfolio choices, and portfolio choices depend on anticipated exchange rate policies. This opens the door to multiple equilibria in policy regimes. We construct a model in which agents optimally choose to denominate their assets and liabilities either in domestic or in foreign currency. The monetary authority optimally chooses to float or to fix the currency, after portfolios have been chosen. We identify conditions under which both fixing and floating are equilibrium policies: if agents expect fixing and arrange their portfolios accordingly, the monetary authority validates that expectation; the same happens if agents initially expect floating. We also show that a flexible exchange rate Pareto-dominates a fixed one. It follows that social welfare would rise if the monetary authority could precommit to floating.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberto Chang & Andres Velasco, 2004. "Monetary Policy and the Currency Denomination of Debt: A Tale of Two Equilibria," Working Paper Series 2004-30, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedfwp:2004-30
    DOI: 10.24148/wp2004-30
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Enrique L. Kawamura & Daniel Heymann, 2005. "On Liability Dollarization: A Simple Model with Domestic and Foreign Creditors," Working Papers 80, Universidad de San Andres, Departamento de Economia, revised Feb 2005.
    2. Pelin Berkmen & Eduardo A. Cavallo, 2007. "Exchange Rate Policy and Liability Dollarization: An Empirical Study," IMF Working Papers 2007/033, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Luis Felipe Céspedes, 2005. "On the Choice and Consequences of Exchange Rate Regimes," International Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 8(1), pages 151-166, March.
    4. Norbert Fiess & Rashmi Shankar, 2005. "Regime-Switching in Exchange Rate Policy and Balance Sheet Effects," Working Papers 2005_16, Business School - Economics, University of Glasgow.
    5. Alain Ize & Eduardo Levy Yeyati, 2005. "Financial De-Dollarization: Is It for Real?," Business School Working Papers isitforreal, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella.
    6. Franz Hamann & Juli�n P�rez & Paulina Restrepo, 2005. "Sobre los efectos macroeconómicos de la composición de la deuda pública en Colombia," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, vol. 23(49), pages 12-47.
    7. Castillo, Paul & Montoro, Carlos, 2015. "Distribución de Ingresos y Dolarización Endógena," Working Papers 2015-002, Banco Central de Reserva del Perú.
    8. Eduardo Levy Yeyati, 2006. "Exchange Rate Regimes in the 2000s: A Latin American Perspective," Business School Working Papers exchangerate, Universidad Torcuato Di Tella.
    9. Frankel, Jeffrey, 2010. "Monetary Policy in Emerging Markets," Handbook of Monetary Economics, in: Benjamin M. Friedman & Michael Woodford (ed.), Handbook of Monetary Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 25, pages 1439-1520, Elsevier.
    10. Abiad, Abdul & Bluedorn, John & Guajardo, Jaime & Topalova, Petia, 2015. "The Rising Resilience of Emerging Market and Developing Economies," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1-26.
    11. Tille, Cédric, 2008. "Financial integration and the wealth effect of exchange rate fluctuations," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(2), pages 283-294, July.
    12. Franz Hamann & Juli�n P�rez & Paulina Restrepo, 2005. "Sobre los Efectos Macroecon�micos de la Composici�n de la Deuda P�blica en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 3510, Banco de la Republica.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • F42 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - International Policy Coordination and Transmission

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