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Pobreza y Educación: Desafíos y Pólíticas

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  • María Florencia Pinto

    (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP)

Abstract

Garantizar el acceso a una educación de calidad es un pilar fundamental para avanzar hacia una mayor igualdad de oportunidades. Durante las últimas décadas, Argentina ha mostrado progresos significativos en materia de acceso, con una cobertura que ha avanzado sostenidamente alcanzando la universalización de la educación primaria y tasas de asistencia a la escuela secundaria que se encuentran entre las más altas de la región. No obstante, los logros han sido mucho más modestos en otros aspectos. Las tasas de graduación, repitencia, abandono y sobreedad, evidencian un sistema educativo que enfrenta grandes desafíos, particularmente en el nivel secundario, y no logra acompañar las trayectorias educativas de los jóvenes que acceden al nivel. A su vez, distintas evaluaciones de aprendizajes han revelado que gran parte de los alumnos argentinos transitan el nivel secundario sin incorporar las competencias necesarias para desenvolverse en la vida adulta. No sólo sugieren que el desempeño es pobre en promedio sino que, además, exhibe un fuerte gradiente socioeconómico. Esta insuficiente acumulación de habilidades condiciona en gran medida las posibilidades futuras de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, reforzando el círculo vicioso de transmisión de pobreza y poniendo en evidencia el rol fundamental de las políticas educativas. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo documentar el estado actual de la educación en Argentina y su evolución, en el marco del contexto latinoamericano, y brindar un panorama sobre las políticas educativas nacionales de los últimos años.

Suggested Citation

  • María Florencia Pinto, 2020. "Pobreza y Educación: Desafíos y Pólíticas," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0265, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
  • Handle: RePEc:dls:wpaper:0265
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