IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/2201.01758.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL)...On Your Credit Card

Author

Listed:
  • Benedict Guttman-Kenney
  • Christopher Firth
  • John Gathergood

Abstract

We provide the first economic research on `buy now, pay later' (BNPL): an unregulated FinTech credit product enabling consumers to defer payments into interest-free instalments. We study BNPL using UK credit card transaction data. We document consumers charging BNPL transactions to their credit card. Charging of BNPL to credit cards is most prevalent among younger consumers and those living in the most deprived geographies. Charging a $0\%$ interest, amortizing BNPL debt to credit cards - where typical interest rates are $20\%$ and amortization schedules decades-long - raises doubts on these consumers' ability to pay for BNPL. This prompts a regulatory question as to whether consumers should be allowed to refinance their unsecured debt.

Suggested Citation

  • Benedict Guttman-Kenney & Christopher Firth & John Gathergood, 2022. "Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL)...On Your Credit Card," Papers 2201.01758, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2023.
  • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2201.01758
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://arxiv.org/pdf/2201.01758
    File Function: Latest version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Keys, Benjamin J. & Wang, Jialan, 2019. "Minimum payments and debt paydown in consumer credit cards," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(3), pages 528-548.
    2. Lorenz Kueng & Scott R. Baker, 2022. "Household Financial Transaction Data," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 14(1), pages 47-67, August.
    3. Paul Adams & Benedict Guttman‐Kenney & Lucy Hayes & Stefan Hunt & David Laibson & Neil Stewart, 2022. "Do Nudges Reduce Borrowing and Consumer Confusion in the Credit Card Market?," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 89(S1), pages 178-199, June.
    4. John Y. Campbell, 2016. "Restoring Rational Choice: The Challenge of Consumer Financial Regulation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 106(5), pages 1-30, May.
    5. ., 2021. "Racing for development hegemony," Chapters, in: Alternative Development Finance and Parallel Development Strategies in the Asia-Pacific, chapter 7, pages 179-214, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    6. Raj Chetty & John N Friedman & Michael Stepner & Opportunity Insights Team & Camille Baker & Harvey Barnhard & Matt Bell & Gregory Bruich & Tina Chelidze & Lucas Chu & Westley Cineus & Sebi Devlin-Fol, 2024. "The Economic Impacts of COVID-19: Evidence from a New Public Database Built Using Private Sector Data," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 139(2), pages 829-889.
    7. Sumit Agarwal & Paige Marta Skiba & Jeremy Tobacman, 2009. "Payday Loans and Credit Cards: New Liquidity and Credit Scoring Puzzles?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 99(2), pages 412-417, May.
    8. John Gathergood & Neale Mahoney & Neil Stewart & Jörg Weber, 2019. "How Do Individuals Repay Their Debt? The Balance-Matching Heuristic," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 109(3), pages 844-875, March.
    9. John Gathergood & Fabian Gunzinger & Benedict Guttman-Kenney & Edika Quispe-Torreblanca & Neil Stewart, 2020. "Levelling Down and the COVID-19 Lockdowns: Uneven Regional Recovery in UK Consumer Spending," Papers 2012.09336, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2020.
    10. ., 2021. "Capitalist development," Chapters, in: Evolution of the Corporation in the United States, chapter 2, pages 27-61, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    11. Hunt Allcott & Joshua Kim & Dmitry Taubinsky & Jonathan Zinman, 2022. "Are High-Interest Loans Predatory? Theory and Evidence from Payday Lending," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 89(3), pages 1041-1084.
    12. Matthew Rabin & Ted O'Donoghue, 1999. "Doing It Now or Later," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(1), pages 103-124, March.
    13. Gathergood, John & Weber, Jörg, 2017. "Financial literacy, present bias and alternative mortgage products," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 58-83.
    14. Sumit Agarwal & Souphala Chomsisengphet & Neale Mahoney & Johannes Stroebel, 2015. "Regulating Consumer Financial Products: Evidence from Credit Cards," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 130(1), pages 111-164.
    15. Stephan Meier & Charles Sprenger, 2010. "Present-Biased Preferences and Credit Card Borrowing," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 2(1), pages 193-210, January.
    16. John Y. Campbell & Howell E. Jackson & Brigitte C. Madrian & Peter Tufano, 2011. "Consumer Financial Protection," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 25(1), pages 91-114, Winter.
    17. Paul Heidhues & Botond Koszegi, 2010. "Exploiting Naivete about Self-Control in the Credit Market," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 100(5), pages 2279-2303, December.
    18. John Gathergood & Benedict Guttman-Kenney, 2020. "The English Patient: Evaluating Local Lockdowns Using Real-Time COVID-19 & Consumption Data," Papers 2010.04129, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2021.
    19. Anthony A Defusco & Stephanie Johnson & John Mondragon, 2020. "Regulating Household Leverage," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 87(2), pages 914-958.
    20. Adams, Paul & Hunt, Stefan & Palmer, Christopher & Zaliauskas, Redis, 2021. "Testing the effectiveness of consumer financial disclosure: Experimental evidence from savings accounts," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(1), pages 122-147.
    21. ., 2021. "Law, development, and finance," Chapters, in: Alternative Development Finance and Parallel Development Strategies in the Asia-Pacific, chapter 2, pages 22-46, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    22. Michael D. Grubb, 2009. "Selling to Overconfident Consumers," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 99(5), pages 1770-1807, December.
    23. Atif Mian & Amir Sufi, 2009. "The Consequences of Mortgage Credit Expansion: Evidence from the U.S. Mortgage Default Crisis," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 124(4), pages 1449-1496.
    24. Julian Alcazar & Terri Bradford, 2021. "The Rise of Buy Now, Pay Later: Bank and Payment Network Perspectives and Regulatory Considerations," Payments System Research Briefing, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, issue December , pages 1-6, December.
    25. ., 2021. "Developing EIA teaching principles," Chapters, in: Teaching Environmental Impact Assessment, chapter 3, pages 28-38, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    26. ., 2021. "Developing moral capacities," Chapters, in: Neoliberal Social Justice, chapter 14, pages 156-170, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    27. Kuchler, Theresa & Pagel, Michaela, 2021. "Sticking to your plan: The role of present bias for credit card paydown," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(2), pages 359-388.
    28. Rajagopal, 2021. "Sustainable Businesses in Developing Economies," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-030-51681-9, February.
    29. Sumit Agarwal & Souphala Chomsisengphet & Neale Mahoney & Johannes Stroebel, 2018. "Do Banks Pass through Credit Expansions to Consumers Who want to Borrow?," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 133(1), pages 129-190.
    30. Scott L. Fulford & Scott Schuh, 2015. "Consumer revolving credit and debt over the life cycle and business cycle," Working Papers 15-17, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    31. Maximilian Lantelme & Laura K. C. Seibold & Hermut Kormann, 2021. "Continuous Development to Longevity," Springer Books, in: German Family Enterprises, edition 2, chapter 0, pages 45-90, Springer.
    32. Maximilian Lantelme & Laura K. C. Seibold & Hermut Kormann, 2021. "Critical Disruptions in the Development," Springer Books, in: German Family Enterprises, edition 2, chapter 0, pages 129-172, Springer.
    33. David Daokui Li & Keaobo Li & Xingye Jin & Hongling Wang & Xiang Xu & Kun Lang, 2021. "Rapid Entry and Development of Enterprises," Springer Books, in: David Daokui Li (ed.), Economic Lessons from China’s Forty Years of Reform and Opening-up, pages 9-39, Springer.
    34. João F. Cocco, 2013. "Evidence on the Benefits of Alternative Mortgage Products," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(4), pages 1663-1690, August.
    35. Joseph Vavra, 2021. "Tracking the Pandemic in Real Time: Administrative Micro Data in Business Cycles Enters the Spotlight," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 35(3), pages 47-66, Summer.
    36. Lauren Ah Fook & Lisa McNeill, 2020. "Click to Buy: The Impact of Retail Credit on Over-Consumption in the Online Environment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-15, September.
    37. John Gathergood & Benedict Guttman-Kenney & Stefan Hunt, 2019. "How Do Payday Loans Affect Borrowers? Evidence from the U.K. Market," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(2), pages 496-523.
    38. Paul Heidhues & Botond Kőszegi, 2015. "On the Welfare Costs of Naiveté in the US Credit-Card Market," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 47(3), pages 341-354, November.
    39. Sarena Goodman & Geng Li & Alvaro Mezza & Lucas Nathe, 2021. "Developments in the Credit Score Distribution over 2020," FEDS Notes 2021-04-30, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    40. Drazen Prelec & George Loewenstein, 1998. "The Red and the Black: Mental Accounting of Savings and Debt," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 17(1), pages 4-28.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chandan Kumar Behera & Ritika Dadra, 2024. "Understanding young consumers’ attitude formation for new-age fintech credit products: an SOR framework perspective," Journal of Financial Services Marketing, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 29(3), pages 964-978, September.
    2. Dana Adriana Lupșa-Tătaru & Eliza Nichifor & Lavinia Dovleac & Ioana Bianca Chițu & Raluca Dania Todor & Gabriel Brătucu, 2023. "Buy Now Pay Later—A Fad or a Reality? A Perspective on Electronic Commerce," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-20, August.
    3. William A. Barnett & Kun He & Jingtong He, 2022. "Consumption Loan Augmented Divisia Monetary Index and China Monetary Aggregation," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jason Allen & Michael Boutros & Benedict Guttman-Kenney, 2024. "Credit Card Minimum Payment Restrictions," Staff Working Papers 24-26, Bank of Canada.
    2. Paul Adams & Benedict Guttman‐Kenney & Lucy Hayes & Stefan Hunt & David Laibson & Neil Stewart, 2022. "Do Nudges Reduce Borrowing and Consumer Confusion in the Credit Card Market?," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 89(S1), pages 178-199, June.
    3. Lukas, Moritz & Nöth, Markus, 2022. "Voluntary minimum repayments and borrower heterogeneity: Evidence from revolving consumer credit," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    4. Francisco Gomes & Michael Haliassos & Tarun Ramadorai, 2021. "Household Finance," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 59(3), pages 919-1000, September.
    5. Kuchler, Theresa & Pagel, Michaela, 2021. "Sticking to your plan: The role of present bias for credit card paydown," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(2), pages 359-388.
    6. Wang, Jialan & Burke, Kathleen, 2022. "The effects of disclosure and enforcement on payday lending in Texas," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(2), pages 489-507.
    7. Laureti, Carolina & Szafarz, Ariane, 2023. "Banking regulation and costless commitment contracts for time-inconsistent agents," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    8. Daniel Grodzicki & Alexei Alexandrov & Özlem Bedre-Defolie & Sergei Koulayev, 2023. "Consumer Demand for Credit Card Services," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 63(3), pages 273-311, June.
    9. Andrej Gill & Florian Hett & Johannes Tischer, 2022. "Time Inconsistency and Overdraft Use: Evidence from Transaction Data and Behavioral Measurement Experiments," Working Papers 2205, Gutenberg School of Management and Economics, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
    10. Allen N. Berger & Christa H. S. Bouwman & Lars Norden & Raluca A. Roman & Gregory F. Udell & Teng Wang, 2024. "Piercing through Opacity: Relationships and Credit Card Lending to Consumers and Small Businesses during Normal Times and the COVID-19 Crisis," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 132(2), pages 484-551.
    11. Agarwal, Sumit & Presbitero, Andrea & Silva, Andre F. & Wix, Carlo, 2022. "Who Pays For Your Rewards? Redistribution in the Credit Card Market," CEPR Discussion Papers 17733, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    12. Gill, Andrej & Hett, Florian & Tischer, Johannes, 2022. "Time inconsistency and overdraft use: Evidence from transaction data and behavioral measurement experiments," SAFE Working Paper Series 347, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    13. Bedre Defolie, Özlem & Alexandrov, Alexei & Grodzicki, Daniel, 2017. "Consumer Demand for Credit Card Services," CEPR Discussion Papers 12506, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    14. Lunn, Pete & McGowan, Féidhlim & Howard, Noel, 2018. "Do some financial product features negatively affect consumer decisions? a review of evidence," Research Series, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), number RS78.
    15. Cappelen, Alexander W. & Meissner, Stefan & Tungodden, Bertil, 2023. "Cancel the deal? An experimental study on the exploitation of irrational consumers," Discussion Paper Series in Economics 6/2023, Norwegian School of Economics, Department of Economics.
    16. Marieke Bos & Chloé Le Coq & Peter van Santen, 2022. "Scarcity and consumers’ credit choices," Theory and Decision, Springer, vol. 92(1), pages 105-139, February.
    17. Paul Calcott & Vladimir Petkov, 2022. "Excessive consumption and present bias," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 74(1), pages 113-134, July.
    18. Gathergood, John & Weber, Jörg, 2017. "Financial literacy, present bias and alternative mortgage products," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 58-83.
    19. Keys, Benjamin J. & Wang, Jialan, 2019. "Minimum payments and debt paydown in consumer credit cards," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(3), pages 528-548.
    20. Antonia Grohmann & Jana Hamdan, 2021. "The Effect of Self-Control and Financial Literacy on Impulse Borrowing: Experimental Evidence," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1950, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G51 - Financial Economics - - Household Finance - - - Household Savings, Borrowing, Debt, and Wealth
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • D04 - Microeconomics - - General - - - Microeconomic Policy: Formulation; Implementation; Evaluation
    • D18 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Protection
    • M38 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Marketing and Advertising - - - Government Policy and Regulation

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2201.01758. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: arXiv administrators (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://arxiv.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.