Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes

2019

• Chinoy, Sajjid Z. & Jain, Toshi, 2019, "What Drives India’s Exports and What Explains the Recent Slowdown? New Evidence and Policy Implications," India Policy Forum, National Council of Applied Economic Research, volume 15, issue 1, pages 217-256.
• Knobel, A. & Kuznetsov, D., 2019, "Patterns of Russian Firms' Export Pricing," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, volume 41, issue 1, pages 100-127.
• Alexandru CEBAN, 2019, "Moldovan External Trade With Eu, Cis And Other Countries: Achievements And Challenges," ECONOMY AND SOCIOLOGY: Theoretical and Scientifical Journal, Socionet;Complexul Editorial "INCE", issue 1, pages 53-70.
• Krychkovskyi Taras, 2019, "The costs comparison of producing, exploitation and utilization of renewable, nuclear and non-renewable energy," Technology audit and production reserves, 3(47) 2019, Socionet;Technology audit and production reserves, volume 3, issue 4(47), pages 35-39.
• Kosata Inna, 2019, "Implementation of accounting in the system of integrated business structures," Technology audit and production reserves, 4(48) 2019, Socionet;Technology audit and production reserves, volume 4, issue 4(48), pages 30-32.
• Facundo Albornoz & Ezequiel Garcia-Lembergman, 2019, "Importing after exporting," Discussion Papers, University of Nottingham, GEP, number 2019-11.
• Gang Xu, 2019, "Sino-Romania Relations Under the Framework of Relations Between China and CEECS Countries: A Perspective of Local Cooperation," Global Economic Observer, "Nicolae Titulescu" University of Bucharest, Faculty of Economic Sciences;Institute for World Economy of the Romanian Academy, issue 1, June.
• Anika Petkova, 2019, "The Role of Household Consumption in Relationship Between Economic Growth and Foreign Direct Investment in Bulgaria," Economic Alternatives, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, issue 1, pages 33-43, March.
• Vera Pirimova, 2019, "Convergence in the Structure of Foreign Trade - Theoretical Approaches and Challenges for Bulgaria," Nauchni trudove, University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, issue 5, pages 83-99, December.
• Karin Gourdon & Joaquim Guilhoto, 2019, "Local content requirements and their economic effect on shipbuilding: A quantitative assessment," OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers, OECD Publishing, number 69, Apr, DOI: 10.1787/90316781-en.
• Oecd, 2019, "Regional Integration in Border Cities," West African Papers, OECD Publishing, number 20, Apr, DOI: 10.1787/f41ef7ab-en.
• Oecd, 2019, "Population and Morphology of Border Cities," West African Papers, OECD Publishing, number 21, Apr, DOI: 10.1787/80dfd9d8-en.
• Oecd, 2019, "Businesses and Health in Border Cities," West African Papers, OECD Publishing, number 22, Apr, DOI: 10.1787/6721f08d-en.
• Ocde, 2019, "Intégration régionale des villes frontalières," Notes ouest-africaines, OECD Publishing, number 20, Apr, DOI: 10.1787/fd0fe15f-fr.
• Ocde, 2019, "Population et morphologies des villes frontalières," Notes ouest-africaines, OECD Publishing, number 21, Apr, DOI: 10.1787/866dfe5a-fr.
• Ocde, 2019, "Entreprises et santé dans les villes frontalières," Notes ouest-africaines, OECD Publishing, number 22, Apr, DOI: 10.1787/b41a6277-fr.
• Raoul Minetti & Pierluigi Murro & Zeno Rotondi & Susan Chun Zhu, 2019, "Financial Constraints, Firms’ Supply Chains, and Internationalization," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, volume 17, issue 2, pages 327-375.
• Aidin Hajikhameneh & Jared Rubin, 2019, "Exchange in the Absence of Legal Enforcement: Reputation and Multilateral Punishment under Uncertainty," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, volume 35, issue 1, pages 192-237.
• Gojko Barjamovic & Thomas Chaney & Kerem Coşar & Ali Hortaçsu, 2019, "Trade, Merchants, and the Lost Cities of the Bronze Age," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, volume 134, issue 3, pages 1455-1503.
• Eduardo Morales & Gloria Sheu & Andrés Zahler, 2019, "Extended Gravity," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, volume 86, issue 6, pages 2668-2712.
• Loredana Jitaru & Lorena Florentina DumitraÈ™ciuc, 2019, "The Influence of the Depreciation of China's Domestic Currency on Trade Relations with the EU," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 1, pages 33-38, August.
• Norina Popovici & Camelia Mihai & Ion Devder, 2019, "The Macroeconomic Impact on Romanians' Quality of Life," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, volume 0, issue 2, pages 158-167, December.
• Peter Neary & Martina Lawless & Zuzanna Studnicka, 2019, "South-North Trade in Ireland: Gravity and Firms from the Good Friday Agreement to Brexit," Economics Series Working Papers, University of Oxford, Department of Economics, number 887, Nov.
• González, Germán & Delbianco, Fernando & Michalczewsky, Kathia & Ramirez, Micaela, 2019, "Combinación del método CART y de econometría de corte transversal para la identificación de determinantes: supervivencia de exportaciones argentinas || Combination of the CART method and cross-section econometrics for the identification of determinan," Revista de Métodos Cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa = Journal of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, volume 28, issue 1, pages 342-363, December.
• William F. Lincoln & Andrew H. McCallum & Michael Siemer, 2019, "The Great Recession and a Missing Generation of Exporters," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, volume 67, issue 4, pages 703-745, December, DOI: 10.1057/s41308-019-00091-3.
• Zhelev, Paskal, 2019, "Enhancing Export Diversification in Resource-Rich Economies – Policies and Evidence from Kazakhstan," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 104857.
• Marinov, Eduard, 2019, "Субсахарска Африка: Поле На Борба За Ресурси И Пазари Или Новият Икономически Тигър
  [Sub-Saharan Africa: a battleground for resources and markets or the new economic tiger]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 110902.
• Marinov, Eduard, 2019, "Африканската Континентална Зона За Свободна Търговия: Защо Африка Се Връща Към Мултилатерализма
  [The African Continental Free Trade Area]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 110919.
• Marinov, Eduard, 2019, "Провалът На Сто И Променящите Се Модели В Световната Търговия
  [The Failure of the WTO and the Changing Patterns of International Trade]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 113475, Jun.
• Marinov, Eduard & Lilia, Dimitrova & Stela, Nedelcheva & Yana, Toteva, 2019, "Двустранни Търговски Отношения Между Австрия И България (2004-2018)
  [Bilateral trade relations between Austria and Bulgaria (2004-2018)]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 113476, Jun.
• Marinov, Eduard, 2019, "Новата Природа На Международната Специализация В Динамично Променящото Се Световно Стопанство
  [The new nature of international specialization in the dynamically changing world economy]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 113479.
• Nawaz, Nasreen, 2019, "A Dynamic Optimal Trade Facilitation Policy," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 118353, Aug, revised 23 Apr 2020.
• Sasaki, Hiroaki, 2019, "North-South Uneven Development and Income Distribution under the Balance of Payments Constraint," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 91469, Jan.
• Brunel, Claire & Zylkin, Thomas, 2019, "Do Cross-border Patents Promote Trade?," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 92514, Mar.
• Zhou, Haiwen, 2019, "Resource Abundance, Market Size, and the Choice of Technology," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 93096, Apr.
• Tran, Thi Ha, 2019, "Impacts of Exchange Rate on Vietnam-Japan Trade Balance: A Nonlinear Asymmetric Cointegration Approach," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 93286, Apr.
• Mnasri, Ayman & Nechi, Salem, 2019, "New Approach to Estimating Gravity Models with Heteroscedasticity and Zero Trade Values," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 93426, Apr.
• Guo, Baoping, 2019, "World Equivalent Factor Endowments Determine Local Factor Rewards When Countries Have Different Productivities," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 94004, May.
• Bakari, Sayef & Mabrouki, Mohamed, 2019, "The Relationship between Economic Growth, Exports and Imports in Morocco: An Empirical Validation Based on VAR Modeling Techniques and Causality in the Meaning of Granger," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 94488, Jan.
• Guo, Baoping, 2019, "The Simplest Factor Price Non-Equalization When Countries Have Different Productivities," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 95015, May, revised 12 Jul 2019.
• Bakari, Sayef & Fakraoui, Nissar & Sofien, Tiba, 2019, "Domestic Investment, Export, Import and Economic Growth in Brazil: An Application of Vector Error Correction Model," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 95474, Aug.
• Bakari, Sayef & Fakraoui, Nissar & Tiba, Sofien, 2019, "Domestic Investment, Export, Import and Economic Growth in Brazil: An Application of Vector Error Correction Model," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 95528, Aug.
• Ahmad, Khalil & Ali, Amjad, 2019, "The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Expenditure Structure of Pakistan," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 95665.
• Dincer, Nergiz & Tekin-Koru, Ayca, 2019, "The Effect of Border Barriers to Services Trade on Goods Trade," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 96119, Aug.
• Magaña, Diego, 2019, "Combinación de un enfoque de gravedad y de bienestar para la evaluación de la transición solar en Chile
  [The combination of gravity and welfare approaches for evaluating the solar transition in Chile]," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 97000, Oct, revised 30 Oct 2019.
• Ndubuisi, Gideon, 2019, "Contractual Frictions and the Patterns of Trade: The Role of Generalized Trust," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 97055, Oct.
• Esposito, Federico, 2019, "Demand Risk and Diversification through Trade," MPRA Paper, University Library of Munich, Germany, number 99875, Dec.
• David Mares, 2019, "The Key Factors in the Textile Industry," ACTA VSFS, University of Finance and Administration, volume 13, issue 1, pages 61-78.
• Milan Bednář, 2019, "Obchodně-politické překážky vývozu zboží z Evropské unie do USA: význam liberalizace obchodních toků
  [Trade Policy Barriers to Imports of EU Goods to the USA: Importance of Liberalization of Trade Flows]," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, volume 2019, issue 3, pages 231-252, DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1242.
• Batchimeg Sambalaibat, 2019, "Endogenous Specialization and Dealer Networks," Working Papers, Princeton University. Economics Department., number 2019-18, Jul.
• Parvaneh Shahnoori & Glenn P. Jenkins, 2019, "The value of online banking to small and medium- sized enterprises: evidence from firms operating in the UAE free trade zones," Development Discussion Papers, JDI Executive Programs, number 2019-14.
• Adam Gorajek, 2019, "The Well-meaning Economist," RBA Research Discussion Papers, Reserve Bank of Australia, number rdp2019-08, Sep.
• Xavier Jaravel & Erick Sager, 2019, "What are the Price Effects of Trade? Evidence from the U.S. and Implications for Quantitative Trade Models," 2019 Meeting Papers, Society for Economic Dynamics, number 1320.
• Daniel Carroll & Sewon Hur, 2019, "On the Heterogeneous Welfare Gains and Losses from Trade," 2019 Meeting Papers, Society for Economic Dynamics, number 1358.
• Felipe Benguria & Felipe Saffie & Hidehiko Matsumoto, 2019, "Productivity and Trade Dynamics in Sudden Stops," 2019 Meeting Papers, Society for Economic Dynamics, number 1378.
• Giuseppe Berlingieri & Claudia Steinwender & Frank Pisch, 2019, "Organizing Global Supply Chains: Input-Output Linkages and Vertical Integration," 2019 Meeting Papers, Society for Economic Dynamics, number 1570.
• José Jaime Baena Rojas, 2019, "La política de comercio exterior y las exportaciones colombianas," Revista de Economía Institucional, Universidad Externado de Colombia - Facultad de Economía, volume 21, issue 41, pages 51-70, July-Dece.
• Alen Host & Helga Pavliæ Skender & Petra Adelajda Zaninoviæ, 2019, "Trade Logistics – the Gravity Model Approach," Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business, volume 37, issue 1, pages 327-342.
• Jaramillo, Fernando & Giraldo, Iader & Echavarría, Juan José, 2019, "Estimación de las elasticidades de oferta y demanda de importaciones en Colombia," Working papers, Red Investigadores de Economía, number 10, Jun.
• Jaramillo, Fernando & Giraldo, Iader & Echavarría, Juan José, 2019, "La estimación del equivalente arancelario de las barreras no arancelarias y de la protección total en Colombia," Working papers, Red Investigadores de Economía, number 11, Jun.
• Echavarría, Juan José & Giraldo, Iader & Jaramillo, Fernando, 2019, "Cadenas globales de valor, crecimiento y protección arancelaria en Colombia," Working papers, Red Investigadores de Economía, number 9, Jun.
• Ariu, Andrea & Nilsson Hakkala, Katariina & Jensen, J. Bradford & Tamminen, Saara, 2019, "Service Imports, Workforce Composition, and Firm Performance: Evidence from Finnish Microdata," ETLA Working Papers, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy, number 70, Oct.
• Hyeon-Seung Huh & Cyn-Young Park, 2019, "A New Index of Globalization: Measuring Impacts of Integration on Economic Growth and Income Inequality," ADB Economics Working Paper Series, Asian Development Bank, number 587, Jul.
• Devashish Mitra, 2019, "Responses to Trade Opening: Evidence and Lessons from Asia," ADBI Working Papers, Asian Development Bank Institute, number 913, Jan.
• Nobuaki Yamashita & Isamu Yamauchi, 2019, "The Rise of the People’s Republic of China and its Competition Effects on Innovation in Japan," ADBI Working Papers, Asian Development Bank Institute, number 939, Mar.
• Martin Alfaro, 2019, "The Microeconomics of New Trade Models," Working Papers, University of Alberta, Department of Economics, number 2019-02, Mar.
• Martin Alfaro & David Lander, 2019, "A Unified Explanation of Trade Liberalization Effects Across Models of Imperfect Competition," Working Papers, University of Alberta, Department of Economics, number 2019-16, Oct.
• Emre Bilgiç, 2019, "Küreselleşme Süreci̇nde Kayit Dişi Ekonomi̇ni̇n Türk Hi̇zmet İhracati Üzeri̇ndeki̇ Etki̇si̇ Üzeri̇ne Model Öneri̇si̇ Ve Tartişma," Academic Review of Humanities and Social Sciences, Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, volume 2, issue 2, pages 144-167.
• Michelle Garfinkel & Constantinos Syropoulos & Yoto Yotov, 2019, "Arming in the Global Economy: The Importance of Trade with Enemies and Friends," School of Economics Working Paper Series, LeBow College of Business, Drexel University, number 2019-6, Aug.
• Kyu Yub Lee, 2019, "A Quantitative Trade Model with Unemployment," East Asian Economic Review, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, volume 23, issue 1, pages 27-53, DOI: 10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2019.23.1.355.
• Hoan Quang Truong & Chung Van Dong & Hoang Huy Nguyen, 2019, "Determinants of Trade Flows and Trade Structure between Korea and ASEAN," East Asian Economic Review, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, volume 23, issue 1, pages 55-88, DOI: 10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2019.23.1.356.
• Miroslav N. Jovanović, 2019, "The Supply Chain Economy: How Far does it Spread in Space and Time?," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, volume 72, issue 4, pages 393-452.
• Puruweti Siyakiya, 2019, "Analysing the Turkey-Africa Relationship’s Impact on the flow of Turkey’s Exports," Empirical Economic Review, Department of Economics and Statistics, Dr Hassan Murad School of Management, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, volume 2, issue 1, pages 35-62.
• Ikramuddin Junejo & Jan Muhammad Sohu & Farhan Hussain, 2019, "Impact of Corruption on Exchange Rate:Empirical Evidence from Panel Data," Sukkur IBA Journal of Management and Business, Sukkur IBA University, volume 6, issue 1, pages 34-44.
• Sheila Mwendwa Kaminchia, 2019, "The Determinants of Trade Costs in the East African Community," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, volume 34, issue 1, pages 38-85.
• Mélika Ben Salem & Chahir Zaki, 2019, "Revisiting the Impact of Trade Openness on Informal and Irregular Employment in Egypt," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, volume 34, issue 3, pages 465-497.
• June Dong Kim, 2019, "Stakeholders’ Interest Relations in Korea’s Services Trade Liberalization: A Political Economy Analysis," Working Papers, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, number 19-7, Nov.
• Thiago Fernandes Ladeira & Leonardo Chaves Borges Cardoso, 2019, "Sofisticação das exportações, crescimento econômico e convergência de renda nos estados brasileiros entre 2016 e 2019," Revista Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos, Associação Brasileira de Estudos Regionais e Urbanos (ABER), volume 13, issue 4, pages 537-560.
• Gheorghe ZAMAN & Iulia Monica OEHLER-ŞINCAI, 2019, "Computation of China’s Export Performance," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, volume 0, issue 3, pages 170-189, September.
• Volkov, Anton Yu. (Волков, Антон) & Bannikov, Ksenia A. (Банникова, Ксения) & Radchenko, Tatiana (Радченко, Татьяна), 2019, "Localization Investment and Opportunities for Legalization of Parallel Import in Russia
  [Инвестиции В Локализацию И Возможности Для Легализации Параллельного Импорта В России]," Ekonomicheskaya Politika / Economic Policy, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, volume 1, pages 54-75, February.
• Lyubimov, Ivan L. (Любимов, Иван) & Kazakova, Maria V. (Казакова, Мария) & Gvozdeva, Margarita (Гвоздева, Маргарита) & Ospanova, Aigerim G. (Оспанова, Айгерим), 2019, "The Failure and Triumph of Economic Complexity: Economic History of Argentina and South Korea in the Second Half of the 20th Century
  [Провал И Триумф Экономического Усложнения: История Аргентины И Южной Кореи Во Второй Половине Xx Века]," Ekonomicheskaya Politika / Economic Policy, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, volume 5, pages 8-35, October.
• Salman Haider & Aadil Ahmad Ganaie & Bandi Kamaiah, 2019, "Total Factor Productivity and Openness in Indian Economy: 1970–2011," Foreign Trade Review, , volume 54, issue 1, pages 46-57, February, DOI: 10.1177/0015732518810835.
• Linda Akoto & Daniel Sakyi, 2019, "Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of Trade Balance in Post-liberalization Ghana," Foreign Trade Review, , volume 54, issue 3, pages 177-205, August, DOI: 10.1177/0015732519851632.
• Hansa Jain, 2019, "Implications of SAFTA for Indian Economy: Trade, Compatibility and Welfare Effects," Foreign Trade Review, , volume 54, issue 4, pages 355-374, November, DOI: 10.1177/0015732519874218.
• C. Veeramani, 2019, "Fragmentation Trade and Vertical Specialisation: How Does South Asia Compare with China," Journal of Asian Economic Integration, , volume 1, issue 1, pages 97-128, April, DOI: 10.1177/2631684618821550.
• Mohd Hussain Kunroo, 2019, "Trade, Industrial Dissimilarity, FDI and Business Cycle Co-movements: EC3SLS Evidence from Eurozone Economies," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, volume 13, issue 3, pages 327-359, August, DOI: 10.1177/0973801019841262.
• Kumar Gaurav & Nalin Bharti, 2019, "Some Common Lessons from Uncommon FTAs," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, volume 20, issue 1, pages 138-157, March, DOI: 10.1177/1391561418824479.
• Nassir Ul Haq Wani, 2019, "Nexus between Openness to Trade and Economic Growth: An Empirical Investigation of Afghanistan," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, volume 20, issue 2, pages 205-223, September, DOI: 10.1177/1391561419858242.
• Pierluigi Montalbano & Silvia Nenci & Laura Dell'Agostino, 2019, "A non-parametric re-assessment of the trade effects of the euro using value added data," Working Papers, Sapienza University of Rome, DISS, number 9/19, Oct.
• Sayef Bakari & Mohamed Mabrouki, 2019, "The Relationship Between Economic Growth, Exports And Imports In Morocco: An Empirical Validation Based On Var Modeling Techniques And Causality In The Meaning Of Granger," Journal of Smart Economic Growth, , volume 4, issue 3, pages 47-55, December.
• ANA CECILIA PARADA ROJAS & Humberto Ríos Bolívar & JORGE OMAR RAZO DE ANDA, 2019, "Mining Of Classification Trees To Analyze A Multidimensional Phenomenon," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, number 9010809, Jun.
• Piotr K?tski, 2019, "Impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement on the trade in goods of the United States, Canada and Mexico," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, number 9912170, Oct.
• Krisztina Soreg, 2019, "Patterns of Economic Growth in Dependent Market Economies: The Case of Central Eastern Europe," Proceedings of Economics and Finance Conferences, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, number 8911197, Jul.
• Nasir Selimi & Murat Sadiku & Luljeta Sadiku, 2019, "Why Export Is Hope For Economic Growth For North Macedonia," Proceedings of Economics and Finance Conferences, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, number 9512139, Oct.
• Erkan Erdil & Y?lmaz Akdi, 2019, "Customs Union Effect in International Trade: Turkish Case," International Journal of Business and Management, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, volume 7, issue 2, pages 43-58, November.
• Arshad Ullah Jadoon & Yangda Guang, 2019, "The Effect Of Exchange Rate Fluctuations On Trade Balance Of Pakistan," International Journal of Economic Sciences, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, volume 8, issue 1, pages 68-80, June.
• Łukasz Matuszczak, 2019, "Międzynarodowy handel usługami polskich przedsiębiorstw," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 1, pages 47-67.
• Mehmet Vahit EREN & Ayşe ERGİN-ÜNAL, 2019, "Analysis of the Relationship between Trade Openness and Economic Growth: The Case of Turkey," Sosyoekonomi Journal, Sosyoekonomi Society.
• Şennur SEZGİN, 2019, "International Trade and Terror Relationship in TurkeyAbstract:In this study, the effect of terrorism on international trade is examined in the case of Turkey. Between 1980 and 2015, along with many important political and scientific developments towa," Sosyoekonomi Journal, Sosyoekonomi Society.
• Ayşen SİVRİKAYA & Serdar ONGAN, 2019, "BREXIT and the J-Curve Hypothesis for the UK: A Nonlinear ARDL Approach," Sosyoekonomi Journal, Sosyoekonomi Society, issue 27(40).
• Akpan H. Ekpo & Douglason G. Omotor, 2019, "Growing External Trade, Development and Structural Heterogeneity in West Africa: Examining the Evidence," Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, Springer, in: Diery Seck, "The External Sector of Africa's Economy", DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-97913-7_4.
• Samuel Bowles, 2019, "Globalization versus redistribution? Egalitarian policies in a competitive world economy," Indian Economic Review, Springer, volume 54, issue 1, pages 89-112, December, DOI: 10.1007/s41775-019-00069-y.
• Daniel Sakyi & Sylvanus Kwaku Afesorgbor, 2019, "The Effects of Trade Facilitation on Trade Performance in Africa," Journal of African Trade, Springer, volume 6, issue 1, pages 1-15, December, DOI: 10.2991/jat.k.191129.001.
• Azmat Gani, 2019, "Globalisation and human development: Does export type matter?," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, volume 53, issue 4, pages 2235-2251, July, DOI: 10.1007/s11135-019-00868-8.
• Priit Vahter & Jaan Masso, 2019, "The contribution of multinationals to wage inequality: foreign ownership and the gender pay gap," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), volume 155, issue 1, pages 105-148, February, DOI: 10.1007/s10290-018-0336-2.
• Rebecca Freeman & Samuel Pienknagura, 2019, "Are all trade agreements equal? The role of distance in shaping the effect of economic integration agreements on trade flows," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), volume 155, issue 2, pages 257-285, May, DOI: 10.1007/s10290-018-0327-3.
• Jean-Christophe Bureau & Houssein Guimbard & Sébastien Jean, 2019, "Competing liberalizations: tariffs and trade in the twenty-first century," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), volume 155, issue 4, pages 707-753, November, DOI: 10.1007/s10290-019-00346-1.
• Gennady Vasilievich Osipov & Vadim Vitalievich Ponkratov & Svetlana Gennadievna Karepova & Tatiana Bloshenko & Andrei Vorontcov, 2019, "Transit tariff optimization model for Russia and Central Asia energy cooperation," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, volume 7, issue 1, pages 398-412, September, DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2019.7.1(28).
• Miguel Angel Esquivias Padilla & Rossanto Dwi Handoyo & Lilik Sugiharti & Muryani Muryani, 2019, "Production networks under The ASEAN Plus Six. A good deal or a threat?," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, volume 7, issue 1, pages 81-91, September, DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2019.7.1(7).
• Anna Sznajderska, 2019, "The role of China in the world economy: evidence from a global VAR model," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 51, issue 15, pages 1574-1587, March, DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2018.1527464.
• Parvaneh Shahnoori & Glenn P. Jenkins, 2019, "The value of online banking to small and medium-sized enterprises: evidence from firms operating in the uae free trade zones," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 51, issue 37, pages 4046-4055, August, DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2019.1588948.
• Freddy Cepeda-López & Fredy Gamboa-Estrada & Carlos León & Hernán Rincón-Castro, 2019, "The evolution of world trade from 1995 to 2014: A network approach," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, volume 28, issue 4, pages 452-485, May, DOI: 10.1080/09638199.2018.1549588.
• Orhun Sevinc, 2019, "A Trade-Based Misallocation Index," Working Papers, Research and Monetary Policy Department, Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, number 1918.
• Richard Baldwin & Toshihiro Okubo, 2019, "GVC journeys: Industrialisation and Deindustrialisation in the Age of the Second Unbundling," Working Papers, Tokyo Center for Economic Research, number e136, Aug.
• Benchekroun, H. & Ray Chaudhuri, A. & Tasneem, Dina, 2019, "On the Impact of Trade in a Common Property Renewable Resource Oligopoly," Discussion Paper, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research, number 2019-021.
• Benchekroun, H. & Ray Chaudhuri, A. & Tasneem, Dina, 2019, "On the Impact of Trade in a Common Property Renewable Resource Oligopoly," Other publications TiSEM, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management, number 41c456ca-4ff9-470d-a93b-4.
• Tosapol Apaitan & Piti Disyatat & Krislert Samphantharak, 2019, "Dissecting Thailand's International Trade: Evidence from 88 Million Export and Import Entries," Asian Development Review, MIT Press, volume 36, issue 1, pages 20-53, March.
• Christoph E. Boehm & Aaron Flaaen & Nitya Pandalai-Nayar, 2019, "Input Linkages and the Transmission of Shocks: Firm-Level Evidence from the 2011 Tōhoku Earthquake," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, volume 101, issue 1, pages 60-75, March.
• Federico Esposito, 2019, "Demand Risk and Diversification through Trade," Discussion Papers Series, Department of Economics, Tufts University, Department of Economics, Tufts University, number 0833.
• Martina Lawless & Zuzanna Studnicka, 2019, "Old Firms and New Export Flows: Does Experience Increase Survival?," Working Papers, School of Economics, University College Dublin, number 201919, Sep.
• Martina Lawless & Zuzanna Studnicka, 2019, "Products or Markets: What Type of Experience Matters for Export Survival?," Working Papers, School of Economics, University College Dublin, number 201923, Oct.
• Falvey, Rod & Foster-McGregor, Neil, 2019, "The breadth of preferential trade agreements and the margins of exports," MERIT Working Papers, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), number 2019-012, Apr.
• Ndubuisi, Gideon, 2019, "Domestic intellectual property rights protection and exports: Accessing the credit channel," MERIT Working Papers, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), number 2019-017, May.
• Ndubuisi, Gideon & Konte, Maty, 2019, "Credit constraints and trade performance: Does trust-based social capital matter?," MERIT Working Papers, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), number 2019-046, Nov.
• Victor Beker, 2019, "Retenciones con tipo de cambio flexible
  [Export taxes: the case of a floating exchange rate]," Estudios Economicos, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Departamento de Economia, volume 36, issue 73, pages 191-197, july-dece.
• Laurence Wicht, 2019, "The impact of trade tensions on Switzerland: A quantitative assessment," Aussenwirtschaft, University of St. Gallen, School of Economics and Political Science, Swiss Institute for International Economics and Applied Economics Research, volume 70, issue 01, pages 1-34, December.
• Yuping Deng & Yanrui Wu & Helian Xu, 2019, "Environmental Regulation and Export Product Quality: Evidence from Chinese Firms," Economics Discussion / Working Papers, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics, number 19-14.
• Adedayo Emmanuel Longe & Folake Adenola & Adewale Musliudeen Balogun & Shehu Muhammad, 2019, "Asymmetric and Non-Asymmetric Impact of Real Effective Exchange Rate on Trade in Nigeria," Business & Management Compass, University of Economics Varna, issue 4, pages 259-274.
• Emmanuel Olajide Adebayo, 2019, "Trade Trend and Sustainable Development in Nigeria," Business & Management Compass, University of Economics Varna, issue 4, pages 294-308.
• Olawunmi Omitogun & Farouq Adekunle Akanni & Adedayo Emmanuel Longe & longeemmanuel28@gmail.com, 2019, "Disaggregated Government Expenditure and Education Enrolment in Nigeria," Business & Management Compass, University of Economics Varna, issue 4, pages 309-326.
• Choroś-Mrozowska Dominika, 2019, "The Chinese Belt and Road Initiative from the Polish Perspective," Comparative Economic Research, Sciendo, volume 22, issue 2, pages 39-53, June, DOI: 10.2478/cer-2019-0011.
• Popović Goran & Erić Ognjen & Popović Srđa, 2019, "Foreign Trade Liberalisation and Economic Growth: The Case of the Republic of Srpska," Economics, Sciendo, volume 7, issue 2, pages 99-108, December, DOI: 10.2478/eoik-2019-0020.
• Wolnicki Miron & Piasecki Ryszard, 2019, "The New Luddite Scare: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Labor, Capital and Business Competition between US and China," Journal of Intercultural Management, Sciendo, volume 11, issue 2, pages 5-20, June, DOI: 10.2478/joim-2019-0007.
• Brkić Snježana, 2019, "Development of Trade Relations of Bosnia and Hercegovina with Slovenia: Different Aspects and Characteristics," Naše gospodarstvo/Our economy, Sciendo, volume 65, issue 3, pages 40-49, September, DOI: 10.2478/ngoe-2019-0012.
• Łukasz Matuszczak, 2019, "What are the determinants of international trade in services? Evidence from firm-level data for Poland," Working Papers, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, number 2019-20.
• De Soyres,Francois Michel Marie Raphael & Mulabdic,Alen & Ruta,Michele, 2019, "Common Transport Infrastructure : A Quantitative Model and Estimates from the Belt and Road Initiative," Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank, number 8801, Apr.
• Lee,Woori & Mulabdic,Alen & Ruta,Michele, 2019, "Third-Country Effects of Regional Trade Agreements : A Firm-Level Analysis," Policy Research Working Paper Series, The World Bank, number 9064, Nov.
• Hassan Benchekroun & Amrita Ray Chaudhuri & Dina Tasneem, 2019, "On the Impact of Trade in a Common Property Renewable Resource Oligopoly," Departmental Working Papers, The University of Winnipeg, Department of Economics, number 2019-01, Jun.
• Timo Bettendorf & Miguel A. León‐Ledesma, 2019, "German Wage Moderation and European Imbalances: Feeding the Global VAR with Theory," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, volume 51, issue 2-3, pages 617-653, March, DOI: 10.1111/jmcb.12517.
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading," World Scientific Books, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., number 10822, ISBN: ARRAY(0x776e85f0), September.
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Introduction Lecture In Trading In Securities Markets And Advanced Market Microstructure Theory — The Economics Of Trading," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 1, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Introduction To Securities Trading And Markets," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 2, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Institutional Trading," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 3, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Execution Costs," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 4, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Market Fragmentation And Regulation," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 5, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Adverse Selection And Market Making," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 6, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Behavioral Finance," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 7, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Random Walks, Risk And Arbitrage," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 8, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Arbitrage In Real Trading Markets And Hedging," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 9, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Market Efficiency," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 10, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Trading Gone Wrong," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 11, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Revision And Exam Preparation," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 12, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Linking Market Microstructure To Mainstream Finance," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 13, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Limit Order Markets," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 14, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Liquidity Providers: Dealing And Market Making," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 15, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "Liquidity, Volatility And Transparency," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 16, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Peter Joakim Westerholm, 2019, "The Glosten–Milgrom And Kyle Models," World Scientific Book Chapters, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., chapter 17, "Lecture Notes in Market Microstructure and Trading".
• Andrey A. Gnidchenko, 2019, "The Conflicting Ways to Dissect Intra-Industry Trade," FIW Working Paper series, FIW, number 193, Sep.
• Korff, Alex & Steffen, Nico, 2019, "Economic preferences and trade outcomes," DICE Discussion Papers, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE), number 321.
• Malkawi, Bashar H. & El-Shafie, Mohammad I., 2019, "The Design and Operation of Rules of Origin in Greater Arab Free Trade Area: Challenges of Implementation and Reform," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, volume 53, issue 2, pages 243-272.
• Malkawi, Bashar H., 2019, "Jordan Imports and Tariff Regimes: A Revisit," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, volume 14, issue 6, pages 308-318.
• Adam, Marc Christopher, 2019, "Return of the tariffs: The interwar trade collapse revisited," Discussion Papers, Free University Berlin, School of Business & Economics, number 2019/8.
• Gräbner, Claudius & Tamesberger, Dennis & Heimberger, Philipp & Kapelari, Timo & Kapeller, Jakob, 2019, "Trade models in the European Union," ifso working paper series, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute for Socioeconomics (ifso), number 3.
• Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi & Vinitha Guptan & Narayanan, Suresh, 2019, "The effects of income and inflation on financial development: Evidence from heterogeneous panels," Economics Discussion Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2019-11.
• Movahedi, Mohammad & Shahbazi, Kiumars & Abdessalam, Ahmed Haidara Ould, 2019, "Firms' export decisions: Selection versus trial-and-error," Economics Discussion Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2019-58.
• Mihi-Ramirez, Antonio & Sobierajc, Janusz & Garcia-Rodriguez, Yolanda, 2019, "Interaction of emigration and immigration with foreign direct investment, international trade and remittances," Economics Discussion Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2019-63.
• Hinz, Julian & Monastyrenko, Evgenii, 2019, "Bearing the cost of politics: Consumer prices and welfare in Russia," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2119.
• Mehl, Arnaud & Schmitz, Martin & Tille, Cédric, 2019, "Distance(s) and the volatility of international trade(s)," Kiel Working Papers, Kiel Institute for the World Economy, number 2125.
• Gander, Sascha, 2019, "The European economic crisis from 2007 onwards in the context of a global crisis of over-production of capital - a Marxian monetary theory of value interpretation," IPE Working Papers, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Institute for International Political Economy (IPE), number 125/2019.
• Bräuer, Richard & Mertens, Matthias & Slavtchev, Viktor, 2019, "Import competition and firm productivity: Evidence from German manufacturing," IWH Discussion Papers, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH), number 20/2019.
• Lee, Jinsoo & Yu, Bok-Keun, 2019, "The Effects of Export Diversification on Macroeconomic Stabilization: Evidence from Korea," KDI Journal of Economic Policy, Korea Development Institute (KDI), volume 41, issue 1, pages 1-14, DOI: 10.23895/kdijep.2019.41.1.1.
• Alexandru CEBAN, 2019, "Moldovan External Trade With Eu, Cis And Other Countries: Achievements And Challenges," Economy and Sociology, The Journal Economy and Sociology, issue 1, pages 53-70.
• Cihat Köksal & Elif Güneren Genç, 2019, "The Effect of Export Credit Insurances on The Export Value: A Panel Data Analysis of Developed Countries," Journal of Finance Letters (Maliye ve Finans Yazıları), Maliye ve Finans Yazıları Yayıncılık Ltd. Şti., volume 34, issue 111, pages 155-170, April, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33203/mfy.459385.
• Iftikhar Nabi & Humaira Mumtaz & Khadija Maqsood, 2019, "Determinants of Mutton Exports from Pakistan," Journal of Economic Impact, Science Impact Publishers, volume 1, issue 1, pages 29-33.
• David Lagziel & Ehud Lehrer, 2019, "A Bias of Screening," American Economic Review: Insights, American Economic Association, volume 1, issue 3, pages 343-356, December.
• E. Glen Weyl, 2019, "Price Theory," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, volume 57, issue 2, pages 329-384, June.
• Ferguson, Shon & Smith, Aaron D., , "Import Demand Elasticities Based on Quantity Data: Theory, Evidence and Implications for the Gains from Trade," 2019 Annual Meeting, July 21-23, Atlanta, Georgia, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, number 291070, DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.291070.
• Mehmed Ganić, 2019, "Does Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Contribute to Poverty Reduction? Empirical Evidence from Central European and Western Balkan Countries," Scientific Annals of Economics and Business (continues Analele Stiintifice), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, volume 66, issue 1, pages 15-27, March.
• Zarina Adilkhanova, 2019, "Microlevel Analyses of DSGE Model Parameters: Evidence from Kazakhstan," NAC Analytica Working Paper, NAC Analytica, Nazarbayev University, number 2, Dec, revised Jul 2020.
• Ramiz Rahmanov, 2019, "Financial Constraints and Export Participation of SMEs in Post-Communist Countries," Acta Oeconomica, Akadémiai Kiadó, Hungary, volume 69, issue 2, pages 289-319, June.
• Andrea Éltető, 2019, "Export of SMEs after the Crisis in Three European Peripheral Regions – a Literature Review," Society and Economy, Akadémiai Kiadó, Hungary, volume 41, issue 1, pages 3-26, March.
• Martin Grančay & Tomáš Dudáš, 2019, "Bilateral trade flows and comparative advantage: does the size matter?," Society and Economy, Akadémiai Kiadó, Hungary, volume 41, issue 4, pages 397-413, December.
• Amna Malik & Muhammad Tariq Majeed & Tania Luni, 2019, "Panel Data Analysis of E-Government and Growth Performance in the Presence of Trade," Pakistan Journal of Economic Studies, Department of Economics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan., volume 2, issue 1, pages 23-50, June.
• Waraq Ali Waraq Nacer, 2019, "Using the Box-Jenkins Method to Forecast Sesame Exports in Sudan during the Period 1990-2028," Management & Economics Research Journal, Faculty of Economics, Commercial and Management Sciences, Ziane Achour University of Djelfa, volume 1, issue 4, pages 208-217, December, DOI: 10.48100/merj.v1i4.70.
• D. Victoria Decuir – Herrera & Constantin Colonescu & Rafat Alam, , "Productivity Attributable To Offshoring In Selected Countries," Review of Socio - Economic Perspectives, Reviewsep, number 201938, DOI: https://doi.org/10.19275/RSEP063.
• Құратова Ақбөпе // Kuratova Akbope, 2019, "Анализ источников финансирования нефтегазовых проектов на примере группы стран // Analysis of funding sources for oil and gas projects on the example of a group of countries," Staff Analytical Notes, National Bank of Kazakhstan, number #2019-May.
• Кожамкулов К.Б. // Kozhamkulov K.B., 2019, "Внешняя торговля Казахстана в условиях свободного плавания тенге // Foreign trade of Kazakhstan in conditions of free-floating tenge," Economic Review(National Bank of Kazakhstan), National Bank of Kazakhstan, issue 1, pages 36-44.
• Alonso Alfaro-Ureña, 2019, "Gains from Trade: the Costa Rican Case," Documentos de Trabajo, Banco Central de Costa Rica, number 1602, Jul.
• Alicia Garcia-Herrero & Jianwei Xu, 2019, "How does China fare on the Russian market? Implications for the European Union," Russian Journal of Economics, ARPHA Platform, volume 5, issue 4, pages 385-399, December, DOI: 10.32609/j.ruje.5.49346.
• Martin Weidner & Thomas Zylkin, 2019, "Bias and Consistency in Three-way Gravity Models," Papers, arXiv.org, number 1909.01327, Sep, revised Jun 2021.
• Bashar H. Malkawi & Mohammad I. El-Shafie, 2019, "The Design and Operation of Rules of Origin in Greater Arab Free Trade Area: Challenges of Implementation and Reform," Papers, arXiv.org, number 1909.09061, Sep.
• Andrés M. Cesar, 2019, "Efectos heterogéneos del comercio internacional: ¿Qué nos enseña la literatura?," Ensayos de Política Económica, Departamento de Investigación Francisco Valsecchi, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina., volume 3, issue 1, pages 83-129, Octubre.
• Stjepan Srhoj, 2019, "Empirical Analyses Of Company Growth With Product Level Microdata: Opportunities And Obstacles," Economic Thought and Practice, Department of Economics and Business, University of Dubrovnik, volume 28, issue 1, pages 283-308, june.
• Lesia Hrytsyna & Olena Kharun & Margaryta Dzuba, 2019, "Comparative Analysis Of The Customs Regulation Of Vehicle Import In The G20 Countries," Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, Publishing house "Baltija Publishing", volume 5, issue 1, DOI: 10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-1-48-53.