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Privacy concerns in insurance markets: Implications for market equilibria and customer utility

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  • Irina Gemmo
  • Mark J. Browne
  • Helmut Gründl

Abstract

We analyze insurance market outcomes and customer utility under asymmetric information when customers have heterogeneous privacy concerns and access to a screening technology that permits their private information to be revealed. If the market outcome without the technology is of the Rothschild–Stiglitz type, so too is the market outcome with the technology for those who do not submit to the screening technology and thus retain their private information. Low‐risk customers who reveal their private information are better off and those who do not reveal their risk type are no worse off, resulting in a Pareto improvement. If, however, the market outcome without the technology is of the Wilson–Miyazaki–Spence type, the market may no longer exhibit cross‐subsidies after the screening technology is introduced. In this case, low‐risk customers who reveal their risk type are better off, but this is at the expense of those who do not reveal their risk type, who are worse off due to intensified adverse selection. The negative externality on those who do not reveal their risk type can outweigh the utility gains of those low‐risk customers who do reveal their risk type, resulting in lower expected welfare. In this case, a privacy law would improve expected welfare. Le respect de la vie privée sur les marchés de l'assurance : incidence sur l'équilibre des marchés et l'utilité pour le client. Nous analysons les résultats des marchés de l'assurance et l'utilité pour le client en cas d'asymétrie d'information, lorsque les clients ont des préoccupations hétérogènes en matière de respect de la vie privée et qu'ils ont accès à des technologies de dépistages qui permettent de révéler leurs renseignements personnels. Si le résultat du marché sans la technologie est du type Rothschild‐Stiglitz, il en va de même pour le résultat avec la technologie pour les personnes qui n'utilisent pas la technologie de dépistage et conservent donc leurs renseignements personnels. Les personnes à faible risque qui révèlent leurs renseignements personnels s'en sortent mieux et celles qui ne révèlent pas leur type de risque ne s'en sortent pas plus mal, ce qui se traduit par une amélioration de Pareto. Toutefois, si le résultat du marché sans la technologie est de type Wilson‐Miyazaki‐Spence, le marché peut ne plus présenter d'interfinancement après l'introduction de la technologie de dépistage. Dans ce cas, les personnes à faible risque qui révèlent leur type de risque s'en sortent mieux, au détriment de celles qui ne le révèlent pas, qui s'en sortent moins bien en raison de l'intensification de l'antisélection. L'externalité négative pour les gens qui ne révèlent pas leur type de risque peut l'emporter sur les gains d'utilité des personnes à faible risque qui révèlent leur type de risque, ce qui se traduit par une baisse du bien‐être escompté. Dans ce cas, une loi sur la protection de la vie privée améliorerait le bien‐être attendu.

Suggested Citation

  • Irina Gemmo & Mark J. Browne & Helmut Gründl, 2025. "Privacy concerns in insurance markets: Implications for market equilibria and customer utility," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 58(2), pages 484-514, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:58:y:2025:i:2:p:484-514
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.70004
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