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The nexus between the volatility of Bitcoin, gold, and American stock markets during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from VAR-DCC-EGARCH and ANN models

Author

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  • Virginie Terraza

    (University of Luxembourg
    University of Montpellier)

  • Aslı Boru İpek

    (Kütahya Dumlupınar University)

  • Mohammad Mahdi Rounaghi

    (University of Luxembourg)

Abstract

The spread of the coronavirus has reduced the value of stock indexes, depressed energy and metals commodities prices including oil, and caused instability in financial markets around the world. Due to this situation, investors should consider investing in more secure assets, such as real estate property, cash, gold, and crypto assets. In recent years, among secure assets, cryptoassets are gaining more attention than traditional investments. This study compares the Bitcoin market, the gold market, and American stock indexes (S&P500, Nasdaq, and Dow Jones) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the dynamic conditional correlation exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model was used to estimate the DCC coefficient and compare this model with the artificial neural network approach to predict volatility of these markets. Our empirical findings showed a substantial dynamic conditional correlation between Bitcoin, gold, and stock markets. In particular, we observed that Bitcoin offered better diversification opportunities to reduce risks in key stock markets during the COVID-19 period. This paper provides practical impacts on risk management and portfolio diversification.

Suggested Citation

  • Virginie Terraza & Aslı Boru İpek & Mohammad Mahdi Rounaghi, 2024. "The nexus between the volatility of Bitcoin, gold, and American stock markets during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from VAR-DCC-EGARCH and ANN models," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 10(1), pages 1-34, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:fininn:v:10:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1186_s40854-023-00520-3
    DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00520-3
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bitcoin market; Gold market; American stock markets; COVID-19 pandemic; VAR-DCC-EGARCH model; ANN model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • G17 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Financial Forecasting and Simulation

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