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Модели Экономического Роста С Неоднородными Пространственными Эффектами (На Примере Российских Регионов)

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  • ДЕМИДОВА ОЛЬГА АНАТОЛЬЕВНА

    (Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики")

  • ИВАНОВ ДЕНИС СЕРГЕЕВИЧ

    (Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики")

Abstract

Основная идея, лежащая в основе моделей экономического роста с пространственными эффектами, заключается в том, что экономический рост региона зависит не только от его социально-экономических, географических и иных характеристик, но и от темпов роста других регионов, в особенности соседних. Если один из регионов начинает расти, то это может не оказывать влияния на рост других регионов (нейтральный механизм), стимулировать рост соседей (механизм кооперации), либо замедлить их рост, «стянув» на себя ресурсы (механизм конкуренции). Ответ на вопрос о том, какой из механизмов имеет место и в какой степени, имеет значение для выбора сбалансированной экономической политики и оценки эффективности вложений в региональное развитие. В традиционных пространственно-эконометрических моделях с целью упрощения вычислений делается достаточно сильное предположение, что для всех регионов имеет место только один из перечисленных механизмов и интенсивность внешнего влияния не варьируется между регионами. Для небольших, сравнительно однородных регионов европейских стран это предположение может быть оправданным. Однако для столь большой и неоднородной страны, как Россия, оно представляется излишне сильным. В данной работе была сделана попытка ослабить это предположение и предложить новую модель, более отвечающую российским реалиям, при этом лишь незначительно усложняя вычислительную часть. Основная модификация состоит во введении параметра чувствительности региона к процессам, происходящим в других регионах. Этот параметр для каждого региона предполагается зависящим от внутренних характеристик, таких как площадь, плотность населения, уровень урбанизации. Данные гипотезы получили частичное эмпирическое подтверждение. Было установлено, что густонаселенные и урбанизированные регионы имеют более высокую чувствительность к пространственным экстерналиям. Иными словами, регион, окруженный быстрорастущими территориями, будет расти тем интенсивнее, чем больше его плотность населения и выше уровень урбанизации

Suggested Citation

  • Демидова Ольга Анатольевна & Иванов Денис Сергеевич, 2016. "Модели Экономического Роста С Неоднородными Пространственными Эффектами (На Примере Российских Регионов)," Higher School of Economics Economic Journal Экономический журнал Высшей школы экономики, CyberLeninka;Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», vol. 20(1), pages 52-75.
  • Handle: RePEc:scn:025886:16483993
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    Cited by:

    1. Zemtsov, S. & Smelov, Y., 2018. "Factors of Regional Development in Russia: Geography, Human Capital and Regional Policies," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, vol. 40(4), pages 84-108.
    2. Kosarev, Vladimir (Косарев, Владимир) & Pavlov, Pavel (Павлов, Павел) & Kaukin, Andrey (Каукин, Андрей), 2019. "Social Capital as a Factor of Economic Growth in the Regions of Russia [Социальный Капитал Как Фактор Экономического Роста Российских Регионов]," Ekonomicheskaya Politika / Economic Policy, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, vol. 5, pages 124-149, October.
    3. Olga Demidova & Elizat Kamalova, 2021. "Spatial Econometric Modeling of Economic Growth in Russian Regions: Do Institutions Matter? [Пространственно-Эконометрическое Моделирование Экономического Роста Российских Регионов: Имеют Ли Значен," Ekonomicheskaya Politika / Economic Policy, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, vol. 2, pages 34-59, April.
    4. Tommaso Agasisti & Aleksei Egorov & Daria Zinchenko & Oleg Leshukov, 2018. "Universities’ Efficiency And Regional Economic Short-Run Growth: Empirical Evidence From Russia," HSE Working papers WP BRP 203/EC/2018, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    5. Alexander Myasnikov, 2018. "Analysis of the Determinants of Total Factor Productivity in Russian Regions," Economy of region, Centre for Economic Security, Institute of Economics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, vol. 1(4), pages 1168-1180.

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