IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/toueco/v19y2013i5p1173-1196.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Visitors' Expenditure Behaviour at Cultural Events: The Case of Christmas Markets

Author

Listed:
  • Juan Gabriel Brida
  • Marta Disegna
  • Linda Osti

Abstract

This paper examines the determinants of visitors' expenditure behaviour at cultural events. The authors analyse visitors' expenditure at the micro-level, dividing it into expenditure on accommodation and expenditure on food and beverages. The explicative variables taken into account are socio-demographic, economic, psychological and trip–related attributes. An ad hoc survey was conducted on the three most famous Christmas markets in the north of Italy in December 2008 and 2009. To achieve their aims, the authors use the robust double-hurdle model. The results indicate that travel purpose, region of origin, perception of the event, length of stay and age are significant factors influencing both the propensity to spend and the amount of money actually spent during visits. The findings will provide destination managers and tourism businesses with practical knowledge useful for destination marketing, event development and customer service.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Gabriel Brida & Marta Disegna & Linda Osti, 2013. "Visitors' Expenditure Behaviour at Cultural Events: The Case of Christmas Markets," Tourism Economics, , vol. 19(5), pages 1173-1196, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:toueco:v:19:y:2013:i:5:p:1173-1196
    DOI: 10.5367/te.2013.0237
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.5367/te.2013.0237
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.5367/te.2013.0237?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. James J. Heckman, 1976. "The Common Structure of Statistical Models of Truncation, Sample Selection and Limited Dependent Variables and a Simple Estimator for Such Models," NBER Chapters, in: Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Volume 5, number 4, pages 475-492, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Cragg, John G, 1971. "Some Statistical Models for Limited Dependent Variables with Application to the Demand for Durable Goods," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 39(5), pages 829-844, September.
    3. Silva Marzetti & Marta Disegna & Giulia Villani & Maria Speranza, 2011. "Conservation and recreational values from semi-natural grasslands for visitors to two Italian parks," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(2), pages 169-191.
    4. Patrick J. Byrne & Oral Capps & Atanu Saha, 1996. "Analysis of Food-Away-from-Home Expenditure Patterns for U.S. Households, 1982–89," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 78(3), pages 614-627.
    5. Carol Newman & Maeve Henchion, 2001. "Infrequency of purchase and double-hurdle models of Irish households' meat expenditure," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 28(4), pages 393-420, December.
    6. Larry Dwyer & Peter Forsyth (ed.), 2006. "International Handbook on the Economics of Tourism," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 2827.
    7. Justo Manrique & Helen H. Jensen, 1997. "Spanish household demand for convenience meat products," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 13(6), pages 579-586.
    8. Anna Alberini & Paolo Rosato & Alberto Longo & Valentina Zanatta, 2005. "Information and Willingness to Pay in a Contingent Valuation Study: The Value of S. Erasmo in the Lagoon of Venice," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(2), pages 155-175.
    9. Andrea Barquet & Juan Gabriel Brida & Linda Osti & Stefan Schubert, 2011. "An Analysis of Tourists' Expenditure on Winter Sports Events through the Tobit Censorate Model," Tourism Economics, , vol. 17(6), pages 1197-1217, December.
    10. Heien, Dale & Wessells, Cathy Roheim, 1990. "Demand Systems Estimation with Microdata: A Censored Regression Approach," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 8(3), pages 365-371, July.
    11. White, Halbert, 1980. "A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 48(4), pages 817-838, May.
    12. Peter Fredman, 2008. "Determinants of Visitor Expenditures in Mountain Tourism," Tourism Economics, , vol. 14(2), pages 297-311, June.
    13. Woo Gon Kim & Taegoo (Terry) Kim & Gabriel Gazzoli & Yumi Park & Sang Hyuck Kim & Si Sa Park, 2011. "Factors Affecting the Travel Expenditure of Visitors to Macau, China," Tourism Economics, , vol. 17(4), pages 857-883, August.
    14. Carl H. Marcussen, 2011. "Determinants of Tourist Spending in Cross-Sectional Studies and at Danish Destinations," Tourism Economics, , vol. 17(4), pages 833-855, August.
    15. Bai, Junfei & Wahl, Thomas I. & Lohmar, Bryan T. & Huang, Jikun, 2010. "Food away from home in Beijing: Effects of wealth, time and "free" meals," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 432-441, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Faruk Urak & Nihat Küçük & Abdulbaki Bilgiç & Steven T Yen, 2023. "Modeling censored tourism expenditures in Turkey with non-normal and heteroscedastic errors: An application of the inverse hyperbolic sine double-hurdle model," Tourism Economics, , vol. 29(3), pages 718-741, May.
    2. Emilio Gómez-Déniz & José Boza-Chirino & Nancy Dávila-Cárdenes, 2021. "Tourist tax to promote rentals of low-emission vehicles," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(7), pages 1461-1481, November.
    3. Jorge M. Andraz & Nélia M. Norte & Hugo S. Gonçalves, 2016. "Do tourism spillovers matter in regional economic analysis? An application to Portugal," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(5), pages 939-963, October.
    4. Jones, Thomas E. & Yang, Yang & Yamamoto, Kiyotatsu, 2017. "Assessing the recreational value of world heritage site inscription: A longitudinal travel cost analysis of Mount Fuji climbers," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 67-78.
    5. Gómez-Déniz, E. & Pérez-Rodríguez, J.V., 2019. "Modelling bimodality of length of tourist stay," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 131-151.
    6. Juan Gabriel Brida & Marta Disegna & Raffaele Scuderi, 2013. "Visitors to Two Types of Museums: Do Expenditure Patterns Differ?," Tourism Economics, , vol. 19(5), pages 1027-1047, October.
    7. Jorge V Pérez-Rodríguez & Francisco Ledesma-Rodríguez, 2021. "Unconditional quantile regression and tourism expenditure: The case of the Canary Islands," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(4), pages 626-648, June.
    8. Emilio Gómez-Déniz & Jorge V Pérez-Rodríguez & José Boza-Chirino, 2020. "Modelling tourist expenditure at origin and destination," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(3), pages 437-460, May.
    9. Gómez–Déniz, E. & Pérez–Rodríguez, J.V., 2019. "Modelling distribution of aggregate expenditure on tourism," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 293-308.
    10. Mirabela-Constanta MATEI & Alexandru-David ABRUDAN & Leonard-Calin ABRUDAN & Maria-Madela ABRUDAN, 2021. "Modelling Tourism And Culture Expenditure In Romania €“ Evidence Of Change In Cultural Values," Proceedings of the INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 15(1), pages 119-128, November.
    11. Ana Pinto Borges & Paula Rodrigues & Ã lvaro Matias, 2016. "Customer satisfaction and expenditure behaviour in musical festivals," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(4), pages 825-836, August.
    12. Brida, Juan Gabriel & Meleddu, Marta & Tokarchuk, Oksana, 2017. "Use value of cultural events: The case of the Christmas markets," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 67-75.
    13. Brida, Juan Gabriel & Tokarchuk, Oksana, 2017. "Tourists' spending and adherence to shopping plans: The case of the christmas market in Merano, Italy," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 55-62.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Juan Gabriel Brida & Marta Disegna & Raffaele Scuderi, 2013. "Visitors to Two Types of Museums: Do Expenditure Patterns Differ?," Tourism Economics, , vol. 19(5), pages 1027-1047, October.
    2. Marta Disegna & Linda Osti, 2013. "The Influence of Visitors’ Satisfaction on Expenditure Behaviour," BEMPS - Bozen Economics & Management Paper Series BEMPS14, Faculty of Economics and Management at the Free University of Bozen.
    3. Jorge V Pérez-Rodríguez & Francisco Ledesma-Rodríguez, 2021. "Unconditional quantile regression and tourism expenditure: The case of the Canary Islands," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(4), pages 626-648, June.
    4. Marta Disegna & Linda Osti, 2016. "Tourists' Expenditure Behaviour: The Influence of Satisfaction and the Dependence of Spending Categories," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(1), pages 5-30, February.
    5. Brida, Juan Gabriel & Scuderi, Raffaele, 2012. "Determinants of tourist expenditure: a review of microeconometric models," MPRA Paper 38468, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Marta Disegna & Fabrizio Durante & Enrico Foscolo, 2013. "A multivariate nonlinear analysis of tourism expenditures," BEMPS - Bozen Economics & Management Paper Series BEMPS10, Faculty of Economics and Management at the Free University of Bozen.
    7. Emilio Gómez-Déniz & Jorge V Pérez-Rodríguez & José Boza-Chirino, 2020. "Modelling tourist expenditure at origin and destination," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(3), pages 437-460, May.
    8. Torres, Marcelo de O. & Felthoven, Ronald G., 2014. "Productivity growth and product choice in catch share fisheries: The case of Alaska pollock," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(PA), pages 280-289.
    9. Bai, Junfei & Seale Jr, James L. & Wahl, Thomas I., 2020. "Meat demand in China: to include or not to include meat away from home?," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 64(1), January.
    10. Yu, Lingling & Hailu, Getu, 2010. "Household Demand for Convenience Chicken Meat Products in Canada," Consumer and Market Demand Network Papers 310299, University of Alberta, Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology.
    11. Berta Ferrer-Rosell & Germà Coenders & Glòria Mateu-Figueras & Vera Pawlowsky-Glahn, 2016. "Understanding Low-Cost Airline Users' Expenditure Patterns and Volume," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(2), pages 269-291, April.
    12. Mayer Marius & Vogt Luisa, 2016. "Economic effects of tourism and its influencing factors: An overview focusing on the spending determinants of visitors," Zeitschrift für Tourismuswissenschaft, De Gruyter, vol. 8(2), pages 169-198, November.
    13. Atanu Saha & Oral Capps & Patrick Byrne, 1997. "Calculating marginal effects in models for zero expenditures in household budgets using a Heckman-type correction," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(10), pages 1311-1316.
    14. Byrne, Patrick J. & Capps, Oral, Jr. & Saha, Atanu, 1998. "Analysis Of Quick-Serve, Mid-Scale, And Up-Scale Food Away From Home Expenditures," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 1(1), pages 1-22.
    15. Patrick Puhani, 2000. "The Heckman Correction for Sample Selection and Its Critique," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(1), pages 53-68, February.
    16. Juan Brida & Pablo Daniel Monterubbianesi & Sandra Zapata-Aguirre, 2013. "Análisis de los factores que influencian el gasto de los turistas culturales: el caso de los visitantes de museos de Medellín," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, June.
    17. Keelan, Conor D. & Henchion, Maeve M. & Newman, Carol F., 2008. "Eating Out in the British Isles," 82nd Annual Conference, March 31 - April 2, 2008, Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, UK 36859, Agricultural Economics Society.
    18. Gómez–Déniz, E. & Pérez–Rodríguez, J.V., 2019. "Modelling distribution of aggregate expenditure on tourism," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 293-308.
    19. Keelan, Conor D. & Henchion, Maeve M. & Newman, Carol F., 2006. "A double-hurdle model of Irish households' foodservice expenditure patterns," 98th Seminar, June 29-July 2, 2006, Chania, Crete, Greece 10083, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    20. P.W. Miller & S. Rummery, 1989. "Gender Wage Discrimination in Australia: A reassessment," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 89-21, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:toueco:v:19:y:2013:i:5:p:1173-1196. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.