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Ryzyka związane z przedwczesnym przyjęciem euro przez Polskę w świetle teorii optymalnych obszarów walutowych

Author

Listed:
  • Adam Glapiński

    (Szkoła Główna Handlowa, Instytut Ekonomii Politycznej, Prawa i Polityki Gospodarczej)

Abstract

Odwołując się do teorii optymalnych obszarów walutowych, w artykule przeanalizowano cechy strefy euro, które sprawiają, że nie pojawiają się oczekiwane korzyści z utworzenia unii walutowej. Jednocześnie część państw strefy euro poniosła znaczne koszty makroekonomiczne po przyjęciu wspólnej waluty. Polska gospodarka obecnie znacznie różni się od gospodarki strefy euro, zwłaszcza w związku z szybszym wzrostem produktywności oraz wyższą naturalną stopą procentową. Przyjęcie wspólnej waluty oznaczałoby dla naszego kraju utratę możliwości prowadzenia autonomicznej polityki pieniężnej, co istotnie zwiększałoby ryzyko destabilizacji makroekonomicznej. Przywrócenie równowagi gospodarczej wiązałoby się z istotnymi kosztami społecznymi, w tym ze wzrostem bezrobocia oraz emigracją, co zahamowałoby proces konwergencji. Dodatkowo, rezygnacja z płynnego kursu walutowego pozbawiłaby gospodarkę ważnego mechanizmu dostosowawczego, zwiększając zmienność wzrostu gospodarczego i bezrobocia.

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Glapiński, 2025. "Ryzyka związane z przedwczesnym przyjęciem euro przez Polskę w świetle teorii optymalnych obszarów walutowych," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 56(3), pages 253-268.
  • Handle: RePEc:nbp:nbpbik:v:56:y:2025:i:3:p:253-268
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Systems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • F45 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Macroeconomic Issues of Monetary Unions

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