IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i22p12457-d676866.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

“Can Intelligence Make You Happy?” The Influence of Tourists’ Cultural Sustainability and Intelligence on Their Flow Experience

Author

Listed:
  • Boqian Wei

    (College of Tourism, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China)

  • Tingting Yang

    (College of Tourism, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China)

  • Chih-Hsing Liu

    (Department of Tourism Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
    Leisure & Recreation Administration Department, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan)

Abstract

Chinese culture has been developed over five thousand years, and the ways in which to retain its sustainable development and maintain its rich spiritual treasures are critical issues. In order to address this critical issue, this study examines whether cultural intelligence can promote positive emotions and a flow experience. The results from 509 valid samples reveal that cultural intelligence contributes to a flow experience through a path of “perception–enjoyment–flow”. Cultural experience, perceived aesthetics, perceived authenticity and the awakening of enjoyment are effective conduction factors in the process. Furthermore, this study confirms that creative performance has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural experience, perceived aesthetics, and perceived authenticity. The findings clarify the links of the influence of cultural intelligence on tourists’ flow experience, and expand the theoretical framework for research on flow experience and the scope of the application of flow theory.

Suggested Citation

  • Boqian Wei & Tingting Yang & Chih-Hsing Liu, 2021. "“Can Intelligence Make You Happy?” The Influence of Tourists’ Cultural Sustainability and Intelligence on Their Flow Experience," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-18, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12457-:d:676866
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12457/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12457/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bryce, Derek & Curran, Ross & O'Gorman, Kevin & Taheri, Babak, 2015. "Visitors' engagement and authenticity: Japanese heritage consumption," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 571-581.
    2. Ana Blasco-Belled & Radosław Rogoza & Cristina Torrelles-Nadal & Carles Alsinet, 2020. "Emotional Intelligence Structure and Its Relationship with Life Satisfaction and Happiness: New Findings from the Bifactor Model," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(6), pages 2031-2049, August.
    3. Ayeh, Julian K. & Au, Norman & Law, Rob, 2013. "Predicting the intention to use consumer-generated media for travel planning," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 132-143.
    4. Harrison, David A. & McLaughlin, Mary E. & Coalter, Terry M., 1996. "Context, Cognition, and Common Method Variance: Psychometric and Verbal Protocol Evidence," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 246-261, December.
    5. Frías-Jamilena, Dolores M. & Sabiote-Ortiz, Carmen M. & Martín-Santana, Josefa D. & Beerli-Palacio, Asunción, 2018. "The effect of Cultural Intelligence on consumer-based destination brand equity," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 22-36.
    6. Mitas, Ondrej & Bastiaansen, Marcel, 2018. "Novelty: A mechanism of tourists’ enjoyment," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 98-108.
    7. Kirillova, Ksenia & Fu, Xiaoxiao & Lehto, Xinran & Cai, Liping, 2014. "What makes a destination beautiful? Dimensions of tourist aesthetic judgment," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 282-293.
    8. Ross, David & Saxena, Gunjan & Correia, Fernando & Deutz, Pauline, 2017. "Archaeological tourism: A creative approach," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 37-47.
    9. Ang, Soon & Van Dyne, Linn & Koh, Christine & Ng, K. Yee & Templer, Klaus J. & Tay, Cheryl & Chandrasekar, N. Anand, 2007. "Cultural Intelligence: Its Measurement and Effects on Cultural Judgment and Decision Making, Cultural Adaptation and Task Performance," Management and Organization Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 3(3), pages 335-371, November.
    10. Presbitero, Alfred, 2020. "Foreign language skill, anxiety, cultural intelligence and individual task performance in global virtual teams: A cognitive perspective," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 26(2).
    11. Wu, Cedric Hsi-Jui & Liang, Rong-Da, 2011. "The relationship between white-water rafting experience formation and customer reaction: a flow theory perspective," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 317-325.
    12. Soon Ang & Linn Van Dyne & Christine Koh & K. Yee Ng & Klaus J. Templer & Cheryl Tay & N. Anand Chandrasekar, 2007. "Cultural Intelligence: Its Measurement and Effects on Cultural Judgment and Decision Making, Cultural Adaptation and Task Performance," Management and Organization Review, The International Association for Chinese Management Research, vol. 3(3), pages 335-371, November.
    13. Mura, Paolo, 2015. "Perceptions of authenticity in a Malaysian homestay – A narrative analysis," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 225-233.
    14. Sebastian Stoermer & Samuel Davies & Fabian Jintae Froese, 2021. "The influence of expatriate cultural intelligence on organizational embeddedness and knowledge sharing: The moderating effects of host country context," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(3), pages 432-453, April.
    15. Vlajčić, Davor & Caputo, Andrea & Marzi, Giacomo & Dabić, Marina, 2019. "Expatriates managers’ cultural intelligence as promoter of knowledge transfer in multinational companies," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 367-377.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yanqing Xia, 2023. "How Has Online Digital Technology Influenced the On-Site Visitation Behavior of Tourists during the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Case Study of Online Digital Art Exhibitions in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-20, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ying Zhang & Puzhen Xiong & Wei Zhou & Lang Sun & Edwin T.C. Cheng, 2023. "Exploring the longitudinal effects of emotional intelligence and cultural intelligence on knowledge management processes," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 40(4), pages 1555-1578, December.
    2. Kozhakhmet, Sanat & Nurgabdeshov, Assylbek, 2022. "Knowledge acquisition of Chinese expatriates: managing Chinese MNEs in Kazakhstan," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 28(2).
    3. Presbitero, Alfred, 2021. "Communication accommodation within global virtual team: The influence of cultural intelligence and the impact on interpersonal process effectiveness," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(1).
    4. Gyeongcheol Cho & Christopher Schlaegel & Heungsun Hwang & Younyoung Choi & Marko Sarstedt & Christian M. Ringle, 2022. "Integrated Generalized Structured Component Analysis: On the Use of Model Fit Criteria in International Management Research," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 62(4), pages 569-609, August.
    5. Tavoletti, Ernesto & Stephens, Robert D. & Taras, Vas & Dong, Longzhu, 2022. "Nationality biases in peer evaluations: The country-of-origin effect in global virtual teams," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(2).
    6. Caputo, Andrea & Ayoko, Oluremi B. & Amoo, Nii, 2018. "The moderating role of cultural intelligence in the relationship between cultural orientations and conflict management styles," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 10-20.
    7. Dheer, Ratan J.S. & Lenartowicz, Tomasz, 2020. "Effect of generational status on immigrants’ intentions to start new ventures: The role of cognitions," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 55(3).
    8. Tavoletti, Ernesto & Bernhard, Theresa & Dong, Longzhu & Taras, Vas, 2023. "Peer performance evaluations in global virtual teams: A longitudinal analysis of surface- and deep-level attributes," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 29(3).
    9. Geneviève Morin & David Talbot, 2023. "Cultural intelligence of expatriate workers: a systematic review," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 73(1), pages 413-454, February.
    10. Jurásek Miroslav & Potocký Tomislav, 2020. "How to Improve Communication within an Organization? The Relationship between Cultural Intelligence and Language Competence," Journal of Intercultural Management, Sciendo, vol. 12(2), pages 53-81, June.
    11. Guochen Pan & Mengqi Liu & Lu-Ming Tseng & Zhixiang Geng, 2023. "Cultural intelligence and sales performance in online insurance marketing: evidence from a Chinese insurance firm," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-9, December.
    12. Xiaoyun Guang & Peerayuth Charoensukmongkol, 2022. "The effects of cultural intelligence on leadership performance among Chinese expatriates working in Thailand," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(1), pages 106-128, February.
    13. Elenkov, Detelin S. & Manev, Ivan M., 2009. "Senior expatriate leadership's effects on innovation and the role of cultural intelligence," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 357-369, October.
    14. Musarra, Giuseppe & Kadile, Vita & Zaefarian, Ghasem & Oghazi, Pejvak & Najafi-Tavani, Zhaleh, 2022. "Emotions, culture intelligence, and mutual trust in technology business relationships," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    15. Annelies Costers & Yves Van Vaerenbergh & Anja Van den Broeck, 2019. "How to boost frontline employee service recovery performance: the role of cultural intelligence," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 13(3), pages 581-602, September.
    16. Junshuai Cheng & Qaisar Iqbal & Guangmeng Ji & Weichun Li, 2022. "A Sustainable and Comprehensive Framework for Knowledge Transfer in MNCs: An Empirical Examination Based on Country, Company and Individual Levels of Chinese MNCs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.
    17. Honghua Li & Yemisi Awotoye & Robert P. Singh, 2023. "Immigrant Entrepreneurs in the U.S.: Firm Performance Based on Entrepreneurial Competencies," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, September.
    18. Rockstuhl, Thomas & Van Dyne, Linn, 2018. "A bi-factor theory of the four-factor model of cultural intelligence: Meta-analysis and theoretical extensions," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 124-144.
    19. Julia Backmann & Rouven Kanitz & Amy Wei Tian & Patrick Hoffmann & Martin Hoegl, 2020. "Cultural gap bridging in multinational teams," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(8), pages 1283-1311, October.
    20. Dimitrova, Mihaela & Chia, Sherwin Ignatius & Shaffer, Margaret A. & Tay-Lee, Cheryl, 2020. "Forgotten travelers: Adjustment and career implications of international business travel for expatriates," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 26(1).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12457-:d:676866. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.