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Exploring heterogeneous growth of wind energy across Germany

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  • Goetzke, Frank
  • Rave, Tilmann

Abstract

Expansion of renewable energies in Germany is strongly associated with decentralization of energy provision. In the case of wind energy there are especially strong regional-level spatial, technical, economic, and social ramifications of this energy source. In addition to differing natural conditions and the strong push from the federal feed-in tariffs, policies and initiatives at the state, county, and municipal level need to be considered when explaining the pattern of wind energy expansion across time and space and to improve the coordination of multi-level energy policies. This paper uses panel regressions at the level of German counties from 2001 to 2012 to explore the growth of wind power capacity. Based on the estimates obtained, we then analyze counterfactual scenarios in which factors influenced by the regional (county) level are varied individually. Our focus is on party policy preferences and coalitions on the one hand, and the unemployment rate on the other. While strict causality is difficult to establish, our results reveal heterogeneous incentives between states, within states, and between different county types.

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  • Goetzke, Frank & Rave, Tilmann, 2016. "Exploring heterogeneous growth of wind energy across Germany," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 193-205.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:juipol:v:41:y:2016:i:c:p:193-205
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2016.02.010
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    5. Manuel Gardt & Tom Broekel & Philipp Gareis, 2021. "Blowing against the winds of change? The relationship between anti-wind initiatives and wind turbines in Germany," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 2119, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Jun 2021.
    6. J. M. C. Santos Silva & Silvana Tenreyro, 2022. "The Log of Gravity at 15," Portuguese Economic Journal, Springer;Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestao, vol. 21(3), pages 423-437, September.
    7. Engelhorn, Thorsten & Müsgens, Felix, 2021. "Why is Germany’s energy transition so expensive? Quantifying the costs of wind-energy decentralisation," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    8. Langer, Katharina & Decker, Thomas & Roosen, Jutta & Menrad, Klaus, 2016. "A qualitative analysis to understand the acceptance of wind energy in Bavaria," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 248-259.
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    10. Lehmann, Paul & Reutter, Felix & Tafarte, Philip, 2023. "Optimal siting of onshore wind turbines: Local disamenities matter," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    11. Meya, Jasper N. & Neetzow, Paul, 2021. "Renewable energy policies in federal government systems," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    12. Jasper Meya & Paul Neetzow, 2019. "Renewable energy policies in federal government systems," Working Papers V-423-19, University of Oldenburg, Department of Economics, revised Jul 2019.
    13. Germeshausen, Robert, 2016. "Effects of Attribute-Based Regulation on Technology Adoption - The Case of Feed-In Tariffs for Solar Photovoltaic," VfS Annual Conference 2016 (Augsburg): Demographic Change 145712, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    14. María-Jesús Gutiérrez-Pedrero & María J. Ruiz-Fuensanta & Miguel-Ángel Tarancón, 2020. "Regional Factors Driving the Deployment of Wind Energy in Spain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-13, July.
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