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Pension and child care policies with endogenous fertility

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  • Yasuoka, Masaya
  • Goto, Naohisa

Abstract

This paper presents an examination of effects of a child allowance on fertility under a pay-as-you-go pension system. In these analyses, the child allowance is financed by taxation of two kinds: an income tax and a consumption tax. Comparative static analyses show that a child allowance financed by income tax revenues can always raise fertility. Similarly with income tax, a child allowance financed by consumption tax can always raise fertility. Furthermore, our paper presents examination of optimal child allowance and transfer for older people.

Suggested Citation

  • Yasuoka, Masaya & Goto, Naohisa, 2011. "Pension and child care policies with endogenous fertility," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(6), pages 2478-2482.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecmode:v:28:y:2011:i:6:p:2478-2482
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2011.06.003
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    Cited by:

    1. Cipriani, Giam Pietro & Pascucci, Francesco, 2020. "Pension policies in a model with endogenous fertility," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 19(1), pages 109-125, January.
    2. Day, Creina & Guest, Ross, 2016. "Fertility and female wages: A new link via house prices," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 121-132.
    3. Masaya Shintani & Masaya Yasuoka, 2022. "Fertility, Inequality and Income Growth," Italian Economic Journal: A Continuation of Rivista Italiana degli Economisti and Giornale degli Economisti, Springer;Società Italiana degli Economisti (Italian Economic Association), vol. 8(1), pages 29-48, March.
    4. Cipriani, Giam Pietro & Fioroni, Tamara, 2022. "Social security and endogenous demographic change: child support and retirement policies," Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, Cambridge University Press, vol. 21(3), pages 307-325, July.
    5. Luigi Bonatti & Lorenza Alexandra Lorenzetti, 2022. "Long-Term Economic Implications of Demeny Voting: A Theoretical Analysis," CESifo Working Paper Series 10039, CESifo.
    6. Masatoshi Jinno & Masaya Yasuoka, 2016. "Are the social security benefits of pensions or child-care policies best financed by a consumption tax?," Business and Economic Horizons (BEH), Prague Development Center, vol. 12(3), pages 94-112, September.
    7. Nakabayashi, Masaki, 2019. "From family security to the welfare state: Path dependency of social security on the difference in legal origins," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 280-293.
    8. Masaya Yasuoka, 2014. "Child-care Policies and Pension in an Endogenous Fertility Model," Discussion Paper Series 114, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University, revised Jan 2014.
    9. Koka, Katerina & Rapallini, Chiara, 2023. "Italy’s demographic trap: Voting for childcare subsidies and fertility outcomes," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    10. Bandyopadhyay, Debasis & La Pere, Anatoly, 2020. "Raising productivity with pension premium," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 295-308.
    11. Masaya Yasuoka & Naohisa Goto, 2015. "How is the child allowance to be financed? By income tax or consumption tax?," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 62(3), pages 249-269, September.
    12. Miyake, Atsushi & Yasuoka, Masaya, 2016. "Public Education and Child-Care Policies with Pay-As-You-Go Pension," MPRA Paper 75315, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Wang, Ruiting & Xu, Gang, 2020. "Can child allowances improve fertility in a gender discrimination economy?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 162-174.
    14. Yasuoka, Masaya, 2018. "Endogenous Fertility and Pension System," MPRA Paper 86131, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Miyazawa, Kazutoshi, 2016. "Grandparental child care, child allowances, and fertility," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 7(C), pages 53-60.
    16. Oliwia Komada, 2023. "Raising America's future: search for optimal child-related transfers," GRAPE Working Papers 84, GRAPE Group for Research in Applied Economics.
    17. Luigi Bonatti & Mauro Lorenza Alexandra Lorenzetti, 2022. "Long-term Economic Implications of Demeny. Voting: A Theoretical Analysis," DEM Working Papers 2022/6, Department of Economics and Management.
    18. Masaya Yasuoka, 2013. "Can Child-Care Support Policies Halt Decreasing Fertility?," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 3(2), pages 409-419.
    19. Masaya Yasuoka, 2018. "Fertility, Income Growth and Inflation," Discussion Paper Series 182, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University, revised Jul 2018.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Child allowance; Endogenous fertility; Pay-as-you-go pension system; Taxation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D10 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - General
    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J14 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
    • J18 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Public Policy
    • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies

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