IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ecanpo/v81y2024icp696-708.html

Linking farmers to markets: Assessing small-scale farmers' preferences for an official phytosanitary regime in the Kyrgyz Republic

Author

Listed:
  • Saparova, Gulkaiyr
  • Khan, Ghulam Dastgir
  • Joshi, Niraj Prakash

Abstract

Small-scale farmers are integral to Kyrgyz agriculture, contending with challenges such as low productivity, market entry barriers, and financial constraints. Most of these farmers are hindered by phytosanitary restrictions preventing direct exports of their products. Granting smallholders direct access to regional markets could significantly enhance their economic prospects. However, the specific policy measures that can encourage smallholders to participate in the official phytosanitary regime remain unclear. This study employs a randomized conjoint experiment, creating a hypothetical policy to measure the preferences of Kyrgyz fruit farmers regarding an official phytosanitary regime. Presenting choice sets with two randomly generated policy alternatives and an opt-out option, we collect data from 378 farmers across five villages. Each policy alternative comprises six attributes: (1) type of service provision, (2) provision of production inputs, (3) provision of interest-free loans, (4) provision of market information, (5) provision of phytosanitary inspection frequency, and (6) annual fees. The results reveal that attributes such as market information, interest-free loans, and production inputs—particularly virus-free seedlings—significantly increase farmers’ participation probability in systematization. However, farmers prefer the private sector as service provider over the government. Additionally, higher annual fees negatively impact the favorability of systematization. Overall, farmers express a preference for the hypothetical policy and are willing to pay at least 14,000 Kyrgyz som to participate in systematization. This study addresses the practical challenges faced by Kyrgyz farmers in meeting stringent phytosanitary standards, indicating the potential of a systematization policy to enhance market access. It lays the groundwork for future research investigating the economic impacts of specific policy attributes for Kyrgyz farmers.

Suggested Citation

  • Saparova, Gulkaiyr & Khan, Ghulam Dastgir & Joshi, Niraj Prakash, 2024. "Linking farmers to markets: Assessing small-scale farmers' preferences for an official phytosanitary regime in the Kyrgyz Republic," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 696-708.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecanpo:v:81:y:2024:i:c:p:696-708
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eap.2023.12.016
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0313592623003351
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.eap.2023.12.016?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Masaood Moahid & Ghulam Dastgir Khan & Yuichiro Yoshida & Keshav Lall Maharjan & Imran Khan Wafa, 2021. "What farmers expect from the proposed formal agricultural credit policy: evidence from a randomized conjoint experiment in Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 81(4), pages 578-595, January.
    2. Birthal, Pratap S. & Jha, Awadhesh K. & Narrod, Clare & Tiongco, Marites, 2008. "Improving farm-to-market linkages through contract farming: A case study of smallholder dairying in India," IFPRI discussion papers 814, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    3. Marc F. Bellemare & Lindsey Novak, 2017. "Contract Farming and Food Security," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 99(2), pages 357-378.
    4. Minten, Bart & Randrianarison, Lalaina & Swinnen, Johan F.M., 2009. "Global Retail Chains and Poor Farmers: Evidence from Madagascar," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 37(11), pages 1728-1741, November.
    5. Asep Suryahadi & Ridho Al Izzati & Daniel Suryadarma & Teguh Dartanto, 2023. "How Inequality Affects Trust in Institutions: Evidence from Indonesia," Asian Economic Policy Review, Japan Center for Economic Research, vol. 18(1), pages 73-91, January.
    6. Schaafsma, Marije & Ferrini, Silvia & Turner, R. Kerry, 2019. "Assessing smallholder preferences for incentivised climate-smart agriculture using a discrete choice experiment," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    7. Badria Hamed Al Ruqishi & Tarig Gibreel & Faical Akaichi & Lokman Zaibet & Slim Zekri, 2020. "Contractual agriculture: better partnerships between small farmers and the business sector in the sultanate of Oman," Asian Journal of Agriculture and rural Development, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(1), pages 321-335, June.
    8. Ashok K. Mishra & Anjani Kumar & Pramod K. Joshi & Alwin D'Souza, 2018. "Impact of contract farming on yield, costs and profitability in low‐value crop: evidence from a low‐income country," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 62(4), pages 589-607, October.
    9. Prakashan Chellattan Veettil & Yashodha & Judit Johny, 2021. "Group contracts and sustainability: Experimental evidence from smallholder seed production," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(8), pages 1-27, August.
    10. Mohammed H Alemu & Søren B Olsen, 2018. "Can a Repeated Opt-Out Reminder mitigate hypothetical bias in discrete choice experiments? An application to consumer valuation of novel food products," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 45(5), pages 749-782.
    11. Mohammad Wais Azimy & Ghulam Dastgir Khan & Yuichiro Yoshida & Keisuke Kawata, 2020. "Measuring the Impacts of Saffron Production Promotion Measures on Farmers’ Policy Acceptance Probability: A Randomized Conjoint Field Experiment in Herat Province, Afghanistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-15, May.
    12. Deely, John & Hynes, Stephen & Barquín, José & Burgess, Diane & Álvarez-Martínez, Jose Manuel & Silió, Ana & Finney, Graham, 2022. "Are consumers willing to pay for beef that has been produced without the use of uncontrolled burning methods? A contingent valuation study in North-West Spain," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 577-590.
    13. Anette Ruml & Catherine Ragasa & Matin Qaim, 2022. "Contract farming, contract design and smallholder livelihoods," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 66(1), pages 24-43, January.
    14. Hainmueller, Jens & Hopkins, Daniel J. & Yamamoto, Teppei, 2014. "Causal Inference in Conjoint Analysis: Understanding Multidimensional Choices via Stated Preference Experiments," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 22(1), pages 1-30, January.
    15. Ragasa, Catherine & Lambrecht, Isabel & Kufoalor, Doreen S., 2018. "Limitations of Contract Farming as a Pro-poor Strategy: The Case of Maize Outgrower Schemes in Upper West Ghana," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 30-56.
    16. Wanissa Suanin, 2023. "Processed food exports from developing countries: the effect of food safety compliance," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 50(2), pages 743-770.
    17. Kuhn, Lena & Bobojonov, Ihtiyor, 2023. "The role of risk rationing in rural credit demand and uptake: lessons from Kyrgyzstan," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 83(1), pages 1-20.
    18. Bellemare, Marc F. & Lee, Yu Na & Novak, Lindsey, 2021. "Contract farming as partial insurance," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    19. Yohana James Mgale & Yan Yunxian, 2020. "Marketing efficiency and determinants of marketing channel choice by rice farmers in rural Tanzania: Evidence from Mbeya region, Tanzania," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 64(4), pages 1239-1259, October.
    20. Carter, Michael R., 1988. "Equilibrium credit rationing of small farm agriculture," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 83-103, February.
    21. Luis Garicano & Claudia Steinwender, 2016. "Survive Another Day: Using Changes in the Composition of Investments to Measure the Cost of Credit Constraints," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 98(5), pages 913-924, December.
    22. Odountan Ambaliou Olounlade & Gu-Cheng Li & Sènakpon E. Haroll Kokoye & François Vihôdé Dossouhoui & Kuassi Auxence Aristide Akpa & Dessalegn Anshiso & Gauthier Biaou, 2020. "Impact of Participation in Contract Farming on Smallholder Farmers’ Income and Food Security in Rural Benin: PSM and LATE Parameter Combined," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-19, January.
    23. Abebe, Gumataw K. & Bijman, Jos & Kemp, Ron & Omta, Onno & Tsegaye, Admasu, 2013. "Contract farming configuration: Smallholders’ preferences for contract design attributes," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 14-24.
    24. Farah Muneer & Foyasal Khan, 2022. "Impact of Qard-al-Hasan (interest-free loan) program in reducing multidimensional poverty: an evidence from the southwest Bangladesh," International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 15(6), pages 1072-1087, February.
    25. Ashok K. Mishra & Anjani Kumar & Pramod K. Joshi & Alwin D'Souza, 2018. "Cooperatives, contract farming, and farm size: The case of tomato producers in Nepal," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(4), pages 865-886, October.
    26. Ola, Oreoluwa & Menapace, Luisa, 2020. "Smallholders' perceptions and preferences for market attributes promoting sustained participation in modern agricultural value chains," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    27. Farah Muneer & Foyasal Khan, 2022. "Impact of Qard-al-Hasan (interest-free loan) program in reducing multidimensional poverty: an evidence from the southwest Bangladesh," International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 15(6), pages 1072-1087, February.
    28. Mai Chiem Tuyen & Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana & Isriya Bunyasiri & Pham Xuan Hung, 2022. "Stakeholders’ Preferences towards Contract Attributes: Evidence from Rice Production in Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-21, March.
    29. Martin Petrick, 2005. "Empirical measurement of credit rationing in agriculture: a methodological survey," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 33(2), pages 191-203, September.
    30. Hanna Ihli & Ronja Seegers & Etti Winter & Brian Chiputwa & Anja Gassner, 2022. "Preferences for tree fruit market attributes among smallholder farmers in Eastern Rwanda," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 53(1), pages 5-21, January.
    31. Badria Hamed Al Ruqishi & Tarig Gibreel & Faical Akaichi & Lokman Zaibet & Slim Zekri, 2020. "Contractual Agriculture: Better Partnerships between Small Farmers and the Business Sector in the Sultanate of Oman," Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 10(1), pages 321-335.
    32. Maazullah Khan & Arjun S. Bedi, 2022. "Returns to Interest-free Microcredit: evidence from a Randomised Experiment in Pakistan," Journal of Development Effectiveness, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 93-107, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dorothy Oballah & Phares Ochola & Vincent O Ongore & Dennis Ouma, 2026. "Logistics Management Practices and Post-Harvest-Loss Among Small-Scale Banana Farmers in Selected Counties in Kenya," Journal of Procurement & Supply Chain, EdinBurg Peer Reviewed Journals & Books Publishers, vol. 6(1), pages 1-16.
    2. Akangbe, Olayemi & Sharifi, Ayyoob, 2025. "Nigeria's path to green energy transition: Insights from business preferences for solar PV adoption," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    3. Pun, Roshan & Joshi, Niraj Prakash & Pun, Sirish, 2024. "Factors influencing farmers' preference for farmland consolidation in Nepal: Evidence from randomized conjoint experiment," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    4. Shamsul Hadi Shams & Sabahuddin Sokout & Hikari Nakajima & Mihoko Kumamoto & Ghulam Dastgir Khan, 2024. "Addressing Food Insecurity in South Sudan: Insights and Solutions from Young Entrepreneurs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-14, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mai Chiem Tuyen & Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana & Isriya Bunyasiri & Pham Xuan Hung, 2022. "Perceptions, Problems and Prospects of Contract Farming: Insights from Rice Production in Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-22, September.
    2. Mai Chiem Tuyen & Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana & Isriya Bunyasiri & Pham Xuan Hung, 2022. "Stakeholders’ Preferences towards Contract Attributes: Evidence from Rice Production in Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-21, March.
    3. Anette Ruml & Martin C. Parlasca, 2022. "In‐kind credit provision through contract farming and formal credit markets," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(2), pages 402-425, April.
    4. Viet Hoang & Vinh Nguyen, 2023. "Determinants of small farmers' participation in contract farming in developing countries: A study in Vietnam," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(3), pages 836-853, July.
    5. Creppy, Priscilla & Bicknell, Kathryn & Renwick, Alan, 2024. "Understanding smallholder preferences for joint ventures in Ghana's rice sector: Improving market access through inclusive business models," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 470-481.
    6. Bellemare, Marc F. & Bloem, Jeffrey R., 2018. "Does contract farming improve welfare? A review," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 259-271.
    7. Viet Hoang, 2021. "Impact of Contract Farming on Farmers’ Income in the Food Value Chain: A Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Study in Vietnam," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-16, August.
    8. Anette Ruml & Catherine Ragasa & Matin Qaim, 2022. "Contract farming, contract design and smallholder livelihoods," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 66(1), pages 24-43, January.
    9. Stefano Ciliberti & Simone Del Sarto & Angelo Frascarelli & Giulia Pastorelli & Gaetano Martino, 2020. "Contracts to Govern the Transition towards Sustainable Production: Evidence from a Discrete Choice Analysis in the Durum Wheat Sector in Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-14, November.
    10. Guyo Godana Dureti & Martin Paul Jr. Tabe‐Ojong & Enoch Owusu‐Sekyere, 2023. "The new normal? Cluster farming and smallholder commercialization in Ethiopia," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 54(6), pages 900-920, November.
    11. Soullier, Guillaume & Moustier, Paule, 2018. "Impacts of contract farming in domestic grain chains on farmer income and food insecurity. Contrasted evidence from Senegal," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 179-198.
    12. Marc F. Bellemare, 2018. "Contract farming: opportunity cost and trade†offs," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 49(3), pages 279-288, May.
    13. Khan, Muhammad Fawad & Nakano, Yuko & Kurosaki, Takashi, 2019. "Impact of contract farming on land productivity and income of maize and potato growers in Pakistan," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 28-39.
    14. Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr. & Abay, Kibrom A., 2023. "Smallholder farmers’ participation in profitable value chains and contract farming: Evidence from irrigated agriculture in Egypt," 2023 Seventh AAAE/60th AEASA Conference, September 18-21, 2023, Durban, South Africa 365884, African Association of Agricultural Economists (AAAE).
    15. Ragasa, Catherine & Lambrecht, Isabel & Kufoalor, Doreen S., 2018. "Limitations of Contract Farming as a Pro-poor Strategy: The Case of Maize Outgrower Schemes in Upper West Ghana," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 30-56.
    16. Yiming Zhang & Rui Yang & Kai Zhao & Xiangzhi Kong, 2023. "Fertilizer Application in Contract Farming: A Risk Analysis," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-20, July.
    17. Elizabeth Eldridge & Marie-Eve Rancourt & Ann Langley & Dani Héroux, 2022. "Expanding Perspectives on the Poverty Trap for Smallholder Farmers in Tanzania: The Role of Rural Input Supply Chains," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-34, April.
    18. Demarchi, Gabriela & Subervie, Julie & Leite, Fernando Palha & Laclau, Jean-Paul, 2021. "Farmers' preferences for water-saving strategies in Brazilian eucalypt plantations," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    19. Melaku, Astewale Bimr & Debela, Bethelhem Legesse & Qaim, Matin, 2023. "Women’s employment in high-value agriculture and child nutrition: Evidence from the Ethiopian cut-flower industry," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335848, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    20. Delelegne A. Tefera & Jos Bijman, 2021. "Economics of contracts in African food systems: evidence from the malt barley sector in Ethiopia," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 9(1), pages 1-21, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ecanpo:v:81:y:2024:i:c:p:696-708. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/economic-analysis-and-policy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.