IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v303y2021ics0306261921009636.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Techno-economic analysis of offshore isothermal compressed air energy storage in saline aquifers co-located with wind power

Author

Listed:
  • Bennett, Jeffrey A.
  • Simpson, Juliet G.
  • Qin, Chao
  • Fittro, Roger
  • Koenig, Gary M.
  • Clarens, Andres F.
  • Loth, Eric

Abstract

Offshore wind power projects are increasingly attractive in many regions even though capacity is impacted by intermittency as it is with other renewable power sources. We examine balancing the intermittency with an Offshore Compressed Air Energy Storage (OCAES) system that combines near-isothermal compression and expansion processes via water spray injection with air storage in saline aquifers. Spray injection maintains the air at nearly constant temperatures to improve round-trip efficiency, and saline aquifers are abundant in near-shore environments at suitable depths. This techno-economic analysis estimates the efficiency, cost, and value of OCAES, and demonstrates it in the context of the Atlantic coast of the United States, for a wind lease near Virginia. The round-trip efficiency of the OCAES system is projected using a thermal fluid process model that accounts for machinery performance as well as geophysical subsurface characteristics and gradients. Cost estimates are based on combining axial gas turbine technology with water spray injection retrofits and drilling experience from the oil and gas industry. Value to the electric grid is quantified with a price-taker dispatch model that optimizes the value of delivered electricity. The study analyzed power capacities from 10 to 390 MW, and our results show that for the geophysical conditions considered, a 200 MW OCAES system is expected to have a round-trip efficiency of 77% and a capital cost of $1457/kW. When paired with a 500 MW wind farm, OCAES is able to increase revenue from $0.031/kWh, without storage, to $0.048/kWh. We also show that a 350 MW OCAES system with 168 hours of storage is able to make the wind farm power output constant with a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of $0.22/kWh, 81% less than with 10-hour lithium-ion battery technology.

Suggested Citation

  • Bennett, Jeffrey A. & Simpson, Juliet G. & Qin, Chao & Fittro, Roger & Koenig, Gary M. & Clarens, Andres F. & Loth, Eric, 2021. "Techno-economic analysis of offshore isothermal compressed air energy storage in saline aquifers co-located with wind power," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:303:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921009636
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117587
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261921009636
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117587?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Zhiwen & Xiong, Wei & Ting, David S.-K. & Carriveau, Rupp & Wang, Zuwen, 2016. "Conventional and advanced exergy analyses of an underwater compressed air energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 810-822.
    2. Chan Liu & Raymond K. H. Chan & Maofu Wang & Zhe Yang, 2020. "Mapping the Sharing Economy in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-19, August.
    3. Qin, Chao & Saunders, Gordon & Loth, Eric, 2017. "Offshore wind energy storage concept for cost-of-rated-power savings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C), pages 148-157.
    4. William A. Braff & Joshua M. Mueller & Jessika E. Trancik, 2016. "Value of storage technologies for wind and solar energy," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 6(10), pages 964-969, October.
    5. Yang, Lichao & Cai, Zuansi & Li, Cai & He, Qingcheng & Ma, Yan & Guo, Chaobin, 2020. "Numerical investigation of cycle performance in compressed air energy storage in aquifers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    6. Mason, James E. & Archer, Cristina L., 2012. "Baseload electricity from wind via compressed air energy storage (CAES)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 1099-1109.
    7. Simon Wren-Lewis, 2020. "Mapping types of macromodel to types of macro user," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 36(3), pages 498-509.
    8. Simpson, Juliet & Loth, Eric & Dykes, Katherine, 2020. "Cost of Valued Energy for design of renewable energy systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 290-300.
    9. Gavin Harper & Roberto Sommerville & Emma Kendrick & Laura Driscoll & Peter Slater & Rustam Stolkin & Allan Walton & Paul Christensen & Oliver Heidrich & Simon Lambert & Andrew Abbott & Karl Ryder & L, 2019. "Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles," Nature, Nature, vol. 575(7781), pages 75-86, November.
    10. Adams, Benjamin M. & Kuehn, Thomas H. & Bielicki, Jeffrey M. & Randolph, Jimmy B. & Saar, Martin O., 2015. "A comparison of electric power output of CO2 Plume Geothermal (CPG) and brine geothermal systems for varying reservoir conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 365-377.
    11. Maryam Arbabzadeh & Ramteen Sioshansi & Jeremiah X. Johnson & Gregory A. Keoleian, 2019. "Author Correction: The role of energy storage in deep decarbonization of electricity production," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-1, December.
    12. Qin, Chao & Loth, Eric, 2014. "Liquid piston compression efficiency with droplet heat transfer," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 539-550.
    13. Luo, Xing & Wang, Jihong & Dooner, Mark & Clarke, Jonathan, 2015. "Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 511-536.
    14. Van de Ven, James D. & Li, Perry Y., 2009. "Liquid piston gas compression," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(10), pages 2183-2191, October.
    15. Mauricio B. C. Salles & Junling Huang & Michael J. Aziz & William W. Hogan, 2017. "Potential Arbitrage Revenue of Energy Storage Systems in PJM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, July.
    16. Novelo, David Alejandro Block & Igie, Uyioghosa, 2018. "Aero engine compressor cooling by water injection - Part 1: Evaporative compressor model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 1224-1235.
    17. Yang Gu & James McCalley & Ming Ni & Rui Bo, 2013. "Economic Modeling of Compressed Air Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-21, April.
    18. Morley, Jessica & Machado, Caio C.V. & Burr, Christopher & Cowls, Josh & Joshi, Indra & Taddeo, Mariarosaria & Floridi, Luciano, 2020. "The ethics of AI in health care: A mapping review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    19. Guo, Chaobin & Pan, Lehua & Zhang, Keni & Oldenburg, Curtis M. & Li, Cai & Li, Yi, 2016. "Comparison of compressed air energy storage process in aquifers and caverns based on the Huntorf CAES plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 342-356.
    20. Osmundsen, Petter & Roll, Kristin Helen & Tveteras, Ragnar, 2012. "Drilling speed—the relevance of experience," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 786-794.
    21. Bennett, Jeffrey A. & Fuhrman, Jay & Brown, Tyler & Andrews, Nathan & Fittro, Roger & Clarens, Andres F., 2019. "Feasibility of Using sCO2 Turbines to Balance Load in Power Grids with a High Deployment of Solar Generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 548-560.
    22. Budt, Marcus & Wolf, Daniel & Span, Roland & Yan, Jinyue, 2016. "A review on compressed air energy storage: Basic principles, past milestones and recent developments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 250-268.
    23. Denholm, Paul & Hand, Maureen, 2011. "Grid flexibility and storage required to achieve very high penetration of variable renewable electricity," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 1817-1830, March.
    24. Qin, Chao (Chris) & Loth, Eric, 2021. "Isothermal compressed wind energy storage using abandoned oil/gas wells or coal mines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    25. Julien Mouli-Castillo & Mark Wilkinson & Dimitri Mignard & Christopher McDermott & R. Stuart Haszeldine & Zoe K. Shipton, 2019. "Inter-seasonal compressed-air energy storage using saline aquifers," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(2), pages 131-139, February.
    26. Cheung, Brian C. & Carriveau, Rupp & Ting, David S.-K., 2014. "Parameters affecting scalable underwater compressed air energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 239-247.
    27. Guo, Chaobin & Zhang, Keni & Li, Cai & Wang, Xiaoyu, 2016. "Modelling studies for influence factors of gas bubble in compressed air energy storage in aquifers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 48-59.
    28. Zhang, Xinjing & Xu, Yujie & Zhou, Xuezhi & Zhang, Yi & Li, Wen & Zuo, Zhitao & Guo, Huan & Huang, Ye & Chen, Haisheng, 2018. "A near-isothermal expander for isothermal compressed air energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 955-964.
    29. Maryam Arbabzadeh & Ramteen Sioshansi & Jeremiah X. Johnson & Gregory A. Keoleian, 2019. "The role of energy storage in deep decarbonization of electricity production," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-11, December.
    30. Kapila, Sahil & Oni, Abayomi Olufemi & Kumar, Amit, 2017. "The development of techno-economic models for large-scale energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 656-672.
    31. Yan, Bo & Wieberdink, Jacob & Shirazi, Farzad & Li, Perry Y. & Simon, Terrence W. & Van de Ven, James D., 2015. "Experimental study of heat transfer enhancement in a liquid piston compressor/expander using porous media inserts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 40-50.
    32. Madlener, Reinhard & Latz, Jochen, 2013. "Economics of centralized and decentralized compressed air energy storage for enhanced grid integration of wind power," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 299-309.
    33. Guo, Chaobin & Zhang, Keni & Pan, Lehua & Cai, Zuansi & Li, Cai & Li, Yi, 2017. "Numerical investigation of a joint approach to thermal energy storage and compressed air energy storage in aquifers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 948-958.
    34. Pimm, Andrew J. & Garvey, Seamus D. & de Jong, Maxim, 2014. "Design and testing of Energy Bags for underwater compressed air energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 496-508.
    35. Block Novelo, David Alejandro & Igie, Uyioghosa, 2018. "Aero engine compressor cooling by water injection - Part 2: Performance and emission reductions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 1236-1243.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Li, Chengchen & Wang, Huanran & He, Xin & Zhang, Yan, 2022. "Experimental and thermodynamic investigation on isothermal performance of large-scaled liquid piston," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    2. Julian David Hunt & Behnam Zakeri & Andreas Nascimento & Diego Augusto de Jesus Pacheco & Epari Ritesh Patro & Bojan Đurin & Márcio Giannini Pereira & Walter Leal Filho & Yoshihide Wada, 2023. "Isothermal Deep Ocean Compressed Air Energy Storage: An Affordable Solution for Seasonal Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-18, March.
    3. Bennett, Jeffrey A. & Fitts, Jeffrey P. & Clarens, Andres F., 2022. "Compressed air energy storage capacity of offshore saline aquifers using isothermal cycling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    4. Zhao, Pan & Gou, Feifei & Xu, Wenpan & Shi, Honghui & Wang, Jiangfeng, 2023. "Energy, exergy, economic and environmental (4E) analyses of an integrated system based on CH-CAES and electrical boiler for wind power penetration and CHP unit heat-power decoupling in wind enrichment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    5. Gao, Ziyu & Zhang, Xinjing & Li, Xiaoyu & Xu, Yujie & Chen, Haisheng, 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis of isothermal compressed air energy storage system with droplets injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    6. Sun, Dongmei & Chu, Zhubin & Chen, Wenyuan & Feng, Ping & Zhang, Jiaxin, 2023. "Comparison of the characteristics of compressed air energy storage in dome-shaped and horizontal aquifers based on the Pittsfield aquifer field test," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    7. Lawrie Swinfen-Styles & Seamus D. Garvey & Donald Giddings & Bruno Cárdenas & James P. Rouse, 2022. "Analysis of a Wind-Driven Air Compression System Utilising Underwater Compressed Air Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-28, March.
    8. Obara, Shin'ya, 2023. "Energy storage device based on a hybrid system of a CO2 heat pump cycle and a CO2 hydrate heat cycle," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bennett, Jeffrey A. & Fitts, Jeffrey P. & Clarens, Andres F., 2022. "Compressed air energy storage capacity of offshore saline aquifers using isothermal cycling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    2. Qin, Chao (Chris) & Loth, Eric, 2021. "Isothermal compressed wind energy storage using abandoned oil/gas wells or coal mines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    3. He, Wei & Wang, Jihong, 2018. "Optimal selection of air expansion machine in Compressed Air Energy Storage: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 77-95.
    4. Li, Yi & Liu, Yaning & Hu, Bin & Li, Yi & Dong, Jiawei, 2020. "Numerical investigation of a novel approach to coupling compressed air energy storage in aquifers with geothermal energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    5. Patil, Vikram C. & Acharya, Pinaki & Ro, Paul I., 2020. "Experimental investigation of water spray injection in liquid piston for near-isothermal compression," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    6. Guo, Chaobin & Li, Cai & Zhang, Keni & Cai, Zuansi & Ma, Tianran & Maggi, Federico & Gan, Yixiang & El-Zein, Abbas & Pan, Zhejun & Shen, Luming, 2021. "The promise and challenges of utility-scale compressed air energy storage in aquifers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    7. Briola, Stefano & Di Marco, Paolo & Gabbrielli, Roberto & Riccardi, Juri, 2017. "Sensitivity analysis for the energy performance assessment of hybrid compressed air energy storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1552-1563.
    8. Chen, Long Xiang & Xie, Mei Na & Zhao, Pan Pan & Wang, Feng Xiang & Hu, Peng & Wang, Dong Xiang, 2018. "A novel isobaric adiabatic compressed air energy storage (IA-CAES) system on the base of volatile fluid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 198-210.
    9. Yang, Lichao & Cai, Zuansi & Li, Cai & He, Qingcheng & Ma, Yan & Guo, Chaobin, 2020. "Numerical investigation of cycle performance in compressed air energy storage in aquifers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    10. Li, Yi & Liu, Yaning & Li, Yi & Hu, Bin & Gai, Peng, 2023. "Potential influences of leakage through a high permeability path on shallow aquifers in compressed air energy storage in aquifers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 661-676.
    11. Li, Yi & Yu, Hao & Li, Yi & Liu, Yaning & Zhang, Guijin & Tang, Dong & Jiang, Zhongming, 2020. "Numerical study on the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic properties of compressed carbon dioxide energy storage in aquifers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 1318-1338.
    12. Li, Yi & Yu, Hao & Li, Yi & Luo, Xian & Liu, Yinjiang & Zhang, Guijin & Tang, Dong & Liu, Yaning, 2023. "Full cycle modeling of inter-seasonal compressed air energy storage in aquifers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    13. Sun, Dongmei & Chu, Zhubin & Chen, Wenyuan & Feng, Ping & Zhang, Jiaxin, 2023. "Comparison of the characteristics of compressed air energy storage in dome-shaped and horizontal aquifers based on the Pittsfield aquifer field test," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    14. Li, Yi & Yu, Hao & Tang, Dong & Li, Yi & Zhang, Guijin & Liu, Yaning, 2022. "A comparison of compressed carbon dioxide energy storage and compressed air energy storage in aquifers using numerical methods," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 1130-1153.
    15. He, Yang & Chen, Haisheng & Xu, Yujie & Deng, Jianqiang, 2018. "Compression performance optimization considering variable charge pressure in an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 349-359.
    16. Gallo, A.B. & Simões-Moreira, J.R. & Costa, H.K.M. & Santos, M.M. & Moutinho dos Santos, E., 2016. "Energy storage in the energy transition context: A technology review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 800-822.
    17. Briola, Stefano & Di Marco, Paolo & Gabbrielli, Roberto & Riccardi, Juri, 2016. "A novel mathematical model for the performance assessment of diabatic compressed air energy storage systems including the turbomachinery characteristic curves," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 758-772.
    18. Tong, Zheming & Cheng, Zhewu & Tong, Shuiguang, 2021. "A review on the development of compressed air energy storage in China: Technical and economic challenges to commercialization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    19. Zhang, Xinjing & Xu, Yujie & Zhou, Xuezhi & Zhang, Yi & Li, Wen & Zuo, Zhitao & Guo, Huan & Huang, Ye & Chen, Haisheng, 2018. "A near-isothermal expander for isothermal compressed air energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 955-964.
    20. Gao, Ziyu & Zhang, Xinjing & Li, Xiaoyu & Xu, Yujie & Chen, Haisheng, 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis of isothermal compressed air energy storage system with droplets injection," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:303:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921009636. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.