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Fired or Retired? A Competing Risks Analysis of Chief Executive Turnover

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  • Ian Gregory-Smith
  • Steve Thompson
  • PeterW. Wright

Abstract

We apply duration analysis to model the tenure and mode of exit of CEOs from FTSE 350 companies from 1996-2005, a decade in which corporate governance reforms have sought to increase the accountability of the CEO to shareholders and their representatives on the board. We find a greater likelihood of dismissal in the latter part of the period. However, we also find that the likelihood of forced departure sharply decreases from the fifth year of a CEO's tenure. We find evidence that this is because CEOs who survive beyond year four are able to entrench themselves in their position. Copyright © The Author(s). Journal compilation © Royal Economic Society 2009.

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  • Ian Gregory-Smith & Steve Thompson & PeterW. Wright, 2009. "Fired or Retired? A Competing Risks Analysis of Chief Executive Turnover," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(536), pages 463-481, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecj:econjl:v:119:y:2009:i:536:p:463-481
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    1. Alex Bryson & Babatunde Buraimo & Alex Farnell & Rob Simmons, 2021. "Time To Go? Head Coach Quits and Dismissals in Professional Football," De Economist, Springer, vol. 169(1), pages 81-105, February.
    2. Xunan Feng & Anders C. Johansson, 2017. "CEO Incentives in Chinese State-Controlled Firms," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 65(2), pages 223-264.
    3. Klein, Daniel, 2018. "Executive turnover and the valuation of stock options," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 76-93.
    4. Swarnodeep Homroy & Shantanu Banerjee, 2015. "The Structure of Corporate Holdings and Corporate Governance: Evidence from India," Working Papers 84979625, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department.
    5. Brian Bell & Simone Pedemonte & John Van Reenen, 2021. "Ceo Pay and the Rise of Relative Performance Contracts: A Question of Governance?," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 19(5), pages 2513-2542.
    6. Grzenda Wioletta & Buczyński Michał K., 2015. "Estimation of Employee Turnover with Competing Risks Models," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, vol. 15(2), pages 53-65, December.
    7. Kim, Dongwoo, 2023. "Partially identifying competing risks models: An application to the war on cancer," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 234(2), pages 536-564.
    8. Balsmeier, Benjamin & Buchwald, Achim & Peters, Heiko, 2011. "Outside board memberships of CEOs: Expertise or entrenchment?," DICE Discussion Papers 26, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    9. Buchwald, Achim & Hottenrott, Hanna, 2015. "Women on the board and executive duration: Evidence for European listed firms," DICE Discussion Papers 178, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    10. Buchwald, Achim, 2012. "Welche Unternehmen berufen Vorstandsvorsitzende und andere Vorstände als externe Kontrolleure? Eine empirische Analyse der Präsenz von externen Vorständen in den Aufsichtsräten deutscher Grossunterneh," Die Unternehmung - Swiss Journal of Business Research and Practice, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 66(2), pages 93-126.
    11. Srivastav, Abhishek & Keasey, Kevin & Mollah, Sabur & Vallascas, Francesco, 2017. "CEO turnover in large banks: Does tail risk matter?," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(1), pages 37-55.
    12. Yim, Soojin, 2013. "The acquisitiveness of youth: CEO age and acquisition behavior," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(1), pages 250-273.
    13. W Jane Cheung & Andrew B Jackson, 2013. "Chief Executive Officer departures and market uncertainty," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 38(2), pages 279-310, August.
    14. Swarnodeep HomRoy, 2015. "Are CEOs Replaced For Poor Performance? Effects of Takeovers and Governance on CEO Turnover," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 62(2), pages 149-170, May.
    15. Banerjee, Shantanu & Homroy, Swarnodeep, 2018. "Managerial incentives and strategic choices of firms with different ownership structures," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 314-330.
    16. Swarnodeep HomRoy, 2016. "Was Adam Smith Right? Evidence of Compensating Differential in CEO Pay," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 84(1), pages 1-24, January.
    17. Green, Colin P. & Homroy, Swarnodeep, 2018. "Female directors, board committees and firm performance," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 19-38.
    18. Xavier Hollandts & Nicolas Aubert & Abdelmehdi Ben Abdelhamid & Victor Prieur, 2018. "Beyond Dichotomy: The Curvilinear Impact of Employee Ownership on CEO entrenchment," Post-Print halshs-01495427, HAL.
    19. Xavier Hollandts & Nicolas Aubert & Abdelmehdi Abdelhamid & Victor Prieur, 2017. "Beyond Dichotomy: The Curvilinear Impact of Employee Ownership on CEO entrenchment," Working Papers halshs-01495427, HAL.
    20. Boulifa, Hichem & Uchida, Konari, 2022. "Like father, like son: Who creates listed subsidiaries?," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).

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