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Estimativa da Elasticidade de Substituição Entre Homens Qualificados e Não Qualificados em Aglomerações Urbanas, Entre 1980 e 2000, no Brasil, e Simulação do Impacte da Migração na Diferença Salarial dos Trabalhadores Qualificados

Author

Listed:
  • Tiago Freire

    (Faculty of Business, Government and Law, University of Canberra Roberts Capital Advisors, LLC)

Abstract

Neste estudo estimamos parâmetros de uma função de produção para determinar o impacto de alterações da oferta laboral nas diferenças salariais entre trabalhadores qualificados e não qualificados. Nomeadamente, utilizamos dados dos Censos populacionais brasileiros entres 1980 e 2000, para estimar a elasticidade de substituição entre trabalhadores qualificados e não qualificados. Resolvemos o problema da endogeneidade da oferta laboral nas cidades construindo uma variável instrumental utilizando o impacto de choques exogenos nas zonas rurais, como precipitação e redução nos custos de transporte, nas migrações ruraisurbanas. Ao contrário do que foi encontrado anteriormente em trabalhos sobre migrações internacionais encontramos uma elasticidade de substituição entre trabalhadores qualificados e não qualificados de 0.56, que indica que os trabalhadores com diferentes níveis de qualificação foram complementares e não substitutos. As nossas simulações mostram que a migrações rurais urbanas entre 1991 e 2000 no Brasil reduziram as diferenças salariais entre trabalhadores qualificados e não quali ficados em apenas 1.1%. Isto representa apenas 5% da redução do diferencial salarial entre trabalhadores qualificados e não qualificados entre 1991 e 2000. Embora o impacto seja pequeno é 2.5 vezes maior do valor que obteriamos se tivessemos utilizado estimativas da elasticidade de substituição entre trabalhadores qualificados e não qualificados da literatura das migrações internacionais.

Suggested Citation

  • Tiago Freire, 2017. "Estimativa da Elasticidade de Substituição Entre Homens Qualificados e Não Qualificados em Aglomerações Urbanas, Entre 1980 e 2000, no Brasil, e Simulação do Impacte da Migração na Diferença Salarial dos Trabalhadores Qualificados," RPER, Associação Portuguesa para o Desenvolvimento Regional, issue 46, pages 25-43, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:apd:rper00:y:2017:i:46:id:477
    DOI: 10.59072/rper.vi46.477
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    References listed on IDEAS

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