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Modern Hyper- and High Inflations

Author

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  • Stanley Fischer
  • Ratna Sahay
  • Carlos A. Végh

Abstract

Since 1947, hyperinflations in market economies have been rare. More common have been longer inflationary processes at rates above 100 percent per annum. This paper examines the main characteristics of such very high inflation episodes. We find that (i) almost 20 percent of countries have experienced such episodes; (ii) higher inflation is more unstable; (iii) in high-inflation countries, the relationship between the fiscal balance and seigniorage is strong; (iv) inflation inertia decreases as average inflation rises; (v) high inflation is associated with poor macroeconomic performance; and (vi) stabilizations that rely on the exchange rate as the nominal anchor are expansionary.

Suggested Citation

  • Stanley Fischer & Ratna Sahay & Carlos A. Végh, 2002. "Modern Hyper- and High Inflations," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 40(3), pages 837-880, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:aea:jeclit:v:40:y:2002:i:3:p:837-880
    Note: DOI: 10.1257/002205102760273805
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    JEL classification:

    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • E63 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization; Treasury Policy

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