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Heterogeneity in R&D Cooperation Strategies

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Author Info
Belderbos, Rene
Carree, Martin A
Diederen, Bert
Lokshin, Boris
Veugelers, Reinhilde

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Abstract

We explore heterogeneities in the determinants of innovating firms’ decisions to engage in R&D cooperation, differentiating between three types of cooperation partners: suppliers and customers (vertical cooperation), competitors (horizontal cooperation), and universities and research laboratories (institutional cooperation). We use panel data on innovating firms drawn from two Dutch Community Innovation Surveys in 1996 and 1998. Applying a system method estimator for probit equations shows significantly positive correlations between the different cooperation decisions, suggesting that R&D cooperation strategies are complements rather than substitutes. We find that the determinants of R&D cooperation differ significantly and substantially across cooperation types. As suggested by industrial organization theory of R&D cooperation, the effects of spillovers depend on their source: while horizontal spillovers have ambiguous effects on horizontal cooperation, vertical spillover positively impact vertical cooperation and institutional spillovers significantly impact all types of cooperation. The results are largely robust to correction for potential simultaneity bias.

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Paper provided by C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers in its series CEPR Discussion Papers with number 4021.

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Date of creation: Aug 2003
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Find related papers by JEL classification:
L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
O30 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - General
O32 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
O34 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Technological Change - - - Intellectual Property Rights

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  1. Aschhoff, Birgit & Schmidt, Tobias, 2006. "Empirical evidence on the success of R&D co-operation : Happy together?," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-59, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Bernhard Dachs & Bernd Ebersberger & Andreas Pyka, 2004. "Why do Firms Co-operate for Innovation? - A comparison of Austrian and Finnish CIS 3 results," Discussion Paper Series 255, Universitaet Augsburg, Institute for Economics. [Downloadable!]
  3. Manuela Gussoni, . "The determinants of inter-¯rms R&D cooperation and partner selection. A literature overview," Discussion Papers 2009/86, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche (DSE), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Downloadable!]
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  6. Bodas Freitas, Isabel Maria & Clausen, Tommy & Fontana, Roberto & Verspagen, Bart, 2008. "Formal and informal external linkages and firms' innovative strategies. A cross-country comparison," UNU-MERIT Working Paper Series 065, United Nations University, Maastricht Economic and social Research and training centre on Innovation and Technology. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Tobias Schmidt, 2005. "Absorptive Capacity – One Size Fits All? A Firm-level Analysis of Absorptive Capacity for Different Kinds of Knowledge," Industrial Organization 0510010, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Paolo Giorgio GARELLA & Emanuele BACCHIEGA, 2007. "Disclosing vs. withholding technology knowledge in a duopoly," Departemental Working Papers 2007-01, Department of Economics University of Milan Italy. [Downloadable!]
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  9. Spyros Arvanitis, 2009. "How Do Different Motives for R&D Cooperation Affect Firm Performance? – An Analysis Based on Swiss Micro Data," KOF Working papers 09-233, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich. [Downloadable!]
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  14. Belderbos, René & Carree, Martin & Lokshin, Boris, 2006. "Complementarity in R&D cooperation strategies," Research Memoranda 013, Maastricht : METEOR, Maastricht Research School of Economics of Technology and Organization. [Downloadable!]
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  15. Mohnen, Pierre & Rose, Antoine & Rosa, Julio, 2006. "Buying and Selling Research and Development Services, 1997 to 2002," UNU-MERIT Working Paper Series 018, United Nations University, Maastricht Economic and social Research and training centre on Innovation and Technology. [Downloadable!]
  16. Spyros Arvanitis & Thomas Bolli, 2009. "A Comparison of Firm-level Innovation Cooperation in Five European Countries," KOF Working papers 09-232, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich. [Downloadable!]
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  18. Fier, Andreas & Aschhoff, Birgit & Löhlein, Heide, 2006. "Detecting Behavioural Additionality : An Empirical Study on the Impact of Public R&D Funding on Firms? Cooperative Behaviour in Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-37, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
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  19. Maria Jesus Nieto & Lluis Santamaría, 2005. "Novelty Of Product Innovation: The Role Of Different Networks," Business Economics Working Papers wb056516, Universidad Carlos III, Departamento de Economía de la Empresa. [Downloadable!]
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  21. Czarnitzki, Dirk & Kraft, Kornelius, 2007. "Spillovers of Innovation Activities and Their Profitability," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-073, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
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