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The impact of mental problems on mortality and how it is moderated by education

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  • Bijwaard, G.E.;
  • Tynelius, P.;

Abstract

Mental disorders have a large impact on invalidity and mortality. Poor mental health is associated with low education, which is also associated with poor health and higher mortality. The association between mental health and mortality may, therefore, be partly explained by the increased incidence of mental problems of the low educated. An important issue is that mental health problems, education attainment and mortality may all depend on the same observed and unobserved individual factors. Such confounding renders both the incidence of mental health problems and education endogenous in the mortality analysis. We account for both the selective incidence of mental health problems and selective educational attainment by using a correlated multistate model for the mental health (hospitalization) process (both admittance an discharge) and mortality with a re-weighting technique (inverse propensity weighting) based on the probability to attain higher education. We use Swedish Military Conscription Data (1951-1960), linked to the administrative Swedish death and National Hospital Discharge registers. We observe the timing of admittance and discharge from mental hospitals, the moment and cause of death and the education level. We estimate the effect of mental hospitalization and education on the morality rate and how the effect of mental hospitalization is moderated by education. Our empirical results indicate a strong effect of both mental hospitalization and education on mortality. Mental hospitalization affects mortality due to external causes of death in particular. Only for the low educated improving education moderates the impact of mental hospitalization on mortality. We also found that ignoring confounding would overestimate the impact of mental hospitalization on mortality. Accounting for confounding in mental hospitalization seems to be more important than accounting for selective educational attainment.

Suggested Citation

  • Bijwaard, G.E.; & Tynelius, P.;, 2018. "The impact of mental problems on mortality and how it is moderated by education," Health, Econometrics and Data Group (HEDG) Working Papers 18/16, HEDG, c/o Department of Economics, University of York.
  • Handle: RePEc:yor:hectdg:18/16
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    Cited by:

    1. Petri Böckerman & Mika Haapanen & Christopher Jepsen & Alexandra Roulet, 2021. "School Tracking and Mental Health," Journal of Human Capital, University of Chicago Press, vol. 15(2), pages 291-345.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Mental health; Education; Mortality; Timing-of-events; Inverse propensity weighting;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C41 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Duration Analysis; Optimal Timing Strategies
    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality

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