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Les déterminants individuels des absences au travail : une comparaison européenne

Author

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  • Sabine Chaupain-Guillot
  • Olivier Guillot

Abstract

À partir des données de l’European Community Household Panel (ECHP), on s’intéresse aux déterminants individuels des absences au travail dans les pays européens. L’étude porte sur l’ensemble des États membres de l’UE-15, à l’exception de la Suède. Les comportements d’absence des salariés, dans chacun de ces pays, sont analysés à l’aide de deux modèles sur données de panel : un modèle Probit à effets aléatoires et un modèle Logit à effets fixes. Ces modèles sont estimés séparément pour les hommes et pour les femmes. Afin de tenir compte de l’éventuelle endogénéité du degré de satisfaction à l’égard de l’emploi occupé, on procède également à l’estimation de modèles Probit bivariés, permettant d’expliquer simultanément l’insatisfaction au travail et l’absence. Comme différents travaux antérieurs, cette comparaison européenne fait apparaître des écarts sensibles de taux d’absence entre les pays. On constate que les taux observés en France, au cours de la période 1994-2001, sont parmi les plus faibles de l’UE, les durées d’absence pour les salariés français étant cependant plus longues, en moyenne, que celles enregistrées dans la plupart des autres pays (du moins si l’on en juge d’après les chiffres relatifs aux années 1998 à 2001). Les résultats des estimations montrent que les facteurs jouant sur la probabilité d’absence sont loin d’être identiques d’un pays à l’autre. L’existence d’une maladie chronique ou d’un handicap, le degré de satisfaction au travail et, chez les femmes, la présence d’un enfant de moins de 3 ans sont, en effet, les seules variables qui ont un impact significatif, et de même signe, dans la quasi-totalité des États de l’UE-15 (d’après les résultats des modèles Probit à effets aléatoires).

Suggested Citation

  • Sabine Chaupain-Guillot & Olivier Guillot, 2010. "Les déterminants individuels des absences au travail : une comparaison européenne," Working Papers of BETA 2010-17, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
  • Handle: RePEc:ulp:sbbeta:2010-17
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    File URL: http://beta.u-strasbg.fr/WP/2010/2010-17.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Emmanuel Duguet & Christine Le Clainche, 2020. "The Socioeconomic and Gender Impacts of Health Events on Employment Transitions in France: A Panel Data Study," Journal of Human Capital, University of Chicago Press, vol. 14(3), pages 449-483.
    3. Mohamed Ali Ben Halima & Thierry Debrand, 2011. "Durée d’arrêt de travail, salaire et Assurance maladie : application microéconométrique à partir de la base Hygie," Working Papers DT42, IRDES institut for research and information in health economics, revised Sep 2011.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    absences au travail; santé; satisfaction au travail; Union européenne.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J28 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy

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