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Reformes Economiques Et Croissance Pro-Pauvre : Une Application Macro-Micro Aux Philippines

Author

Listed:
  • Dorothée Boccanfuso

    (GREDI, Faculte d'administration, Université de Sherbrooke)

  • Rodolphe Missinhoun

    (GREDI et Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris)

  • Luc Savard

    (GREDI, Faculte d'administration, Université de Sherbrooke)

Abstract

Dans la perspective d’une réduction accélérée de la pauvreté et l’atteinte des objectifs du millénaire pour le développement, une riche littérature sur la croissance pro-pauvre s’est développée à partir du milieu des années 90 et propose des réformes pour générer une croissance soutenue tout en améliorant les revenus et les conditions de vie des pauvres. Mais les analyses pour l’impact pro-pauvre des réformes sont souvent développées en équilibre partiel et abordent très peu à la fois les questions d’efficacité et d’équité dans la lutte contre la pauvreté. Elles se ont très peu intéressées aux interactions entre les politiques envisagées. Nous abordons ces questions à travers un modèle d’équilibre général calculable (MEGC) statique dans lequel nous générons la croissance par l’endogénéisation du travail (variation du chômage ou de l’emploi) et les dépenses publiques (externalités), en plus des réallocations des dotations factorielles. Nous lui combinons un modèle ménage, suivant l’approche top-down/bottom up, pour prendre en compte les effets rétroactifs des comportements des ménages et leur hétérogénéité. Sur la base de cet outil (appliqué aux Philippines) qui permet de prendre en compte les effets imbriqués de réformes économiques, nous montrons que la piste de complémentarité des politiques (au sens de Edgeworth) peut constituer une alternative intéressante dans la perspective d’accélération de la réduction de la pauvreté et d’atteinte des objectifs du millénaires, à travers une croissance soutenue et équitable. Les résultats mitigés (voire néfastes) obtenus de la simulation de réformes libérales (suppression des subventions agricoles dans les pays développés, promotion des exportations agricoles, libéralisation agricole dans les pays du Sud) suggèrent également une prise en compte des spécificités et contexte particuliers de chaque pays dans la mise en œuvre des réformes.

Suggested Citation

  • Dorothée Boccanfuso & Rodolphe Missinhoun & Luc Savard, 2007. "Reformes Economiques Et Croissance Pro-Pauvre : Une Application Macro-Micro Aux Philippines," Cahiers de recherche 07-17, Departement d'économique de l'École de gestion à l'Université de Sherbrooke.
    • Handle: RePEc:shr:wpaper:07-17
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    File URL: http://gredi.recherche.usherbrooke.ca/wpapers/GREDI-0717.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    modèle d’équilibre général calculable; microsimulation; pauvreté; croissance pro-pauvre;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D58 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
    • E6 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook

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