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Alterações climáticas e economia: uma introdução

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Listed:
  • António R. Antunes
  • Bernardino Adão
  • João Valle e Azevedo
  • Nuno Lourenço
  • Miguel Gouveia

Abstract

os mecanismos através dos quais ocorre o aquecimento global. Documenta-se o aquecimento da superfície terrestre e a evolução da precipitação ao longo do século XX, incluindo para o caso português. Analisam-se também os canais de transmissão das alterações no clima à economia. O impacto provável no nível do PIB global é negativo, com uma gama de estimativas muito sensível à ocorrência de fenómenos dificilmente previsíveis. Discutem-se ainda propostas de política económica adequadas para o problema das emissões de carbono fóssil. Uma tributação significativa do carbono terá provavelmente que coexistir com o sistema de licenças de emissões de carbono atualmente existente. Analisa-se o papel dos bancos centrais na mitigação dos efeitos das emissões de CO2 excessivas, destacando-se o reporte regulatório com um foco em questões ambientais e a assunção de responsabilidades de sustentabilidade e responsabilidade corporativa. Por fim, são apresentadas estimativas dos custos económicos associados às mudanças climáticas, baseadas em modelos. Conclui-se neste exemplo que a adoção de uma política ótima global pouparia a Portugal cerca de 0,5oC de aquecimento.

Suggested Citation

  • António R. Antunes & Bernardino Adão & João Valle e Azevedo & Nuno Lourenço & Miguel Gouveia, 2022. "Alterações climáticas e economia: uma introdução," Working Papers o202201, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
  • Handle: RePEc:ptu:wpaper:o202201
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    References listed on IDEAS

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