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The Changing Role of the Exchange Rate for Macroeconomic Adjustment

Author

Listed:
  • Patrice Ollivaud

    (OECD)

  • Elena Rusticelli

    (OECD)

  • Cyrille Schwellnus

    (OECD)

Abstract

Recent episodes of large exchange rate movements, such as for Japan or the United Kingdom, have typically not been associated with large changes in trade balances and despite the polarisation of international investment positions large currency fluctuations during the global crisis of 2008-09 did not cause significant financial dislocations. This paper presents empirical evidence that for a number of OECD countries firms’ increasing participation in global value chains may have contributed to reducing exchange rate pass-through to the terms of trade, which may in turn have contributed to reducing the response of trade balances to exchange rate changes. Further empirical evidence suggests that over the past two decades large net external debtor countries, including emerging market economies, have reduced net aggregate foreign currency exposures, thereby limiting direct financial effects of exchange rate fluctuations through the valuation of external assets and liabilities. However, sizable increases in foreign currency borrowing for a number of emerging market economies in the wake of the global crisis of 2008-09, including by non-financial corporations, suggest that large exchange rate movements may nonetheless cause financial stress for exposed sectors and entities that may percolate through the financial system despite limited aggregate exposures. Changement du rôle du taux de change pour l'ajustement macroéconomique Les épisodes récents de mouvements importants du taux de change, comme pour le Japon ou le Royaume-Uni, n’ont pas été associés à des évolutions importantes des balances commerciales ; et malgré la polarisation des positions extérieures globales, les fluctuations importantes des monnaies durant la crise mondiale de 2008-2009 n’ont pas généré de perturbations financières significatives. Ce papier présente des éléments empiriques qui permettent de mettre en évidence que pour un certain nombre de pays de l’OCDE, la participation grandissante des entreprises aux chaines de valeurs mondiales semble avoir contribué à réduire le degré de transmission des taux de change aux termes de l’échange, ce qui pourrait avoir dans un second temps contribué à réduire la réponse des balances commerciales aux évolutions du taux de change. Les données empiriques suggèrent également que sur les deux dernières décennies, les pays avec une dette extérieure importante, y compris les économies de marché émergentes, ont réduit leurs expositions agrégées nettes aux monnaies étrangères, ce qui a par conséquent limité l’effet direct financier des fluctuations de taux de change qui passe par la valorisation des créances et engagements extérieurs. Cependant, des augmentations significatives des emprunts en monnaie étrangère pour un certain nombre d’économies de marché émergentes à la suite de la crise mondiale de 2008-2009, y compris de la part d’entreprises non financières, suggèrent que des mouvements importants de taux de change peuvent néanmoins provoquer des tensions financières pour des secteurs et des entités exposés, qui peuvent ensuite se propager à travers le système financier malgré une exposition totale limitée.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrice Ollivaud & Elena Rusticelli & Cyrille Schwellnus, 2015. "The Changing Role of the Exchange Rate for Macroeconomic Adjustment," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1190, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1190-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5js4rfhjf15l-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Gylfi Zoega, 2017. "Nordic Lessons from Exchange Rate Regimes," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 45(4), pages 411-428, December.
    2. Mahmood, Asif & Zahoor, Muhammad Awais, 2021. "Role of Global Value Chains and Exchange Rate: An Empirical Examination in case of Pakistan," MPRA Paper 115958, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Eliphas Ndou, 2022. "Exchange rate changes on export volumes in South Africa under the inflation targeting period," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(6), pages 1-25, June.
    4. Mr. Daniel Leigh & Weicheng Lian & Mr. Marcos Poplawski Ribeiro & Rachel Szymanski & Viktor Tsyrennikov & Hong Yang, 2017. "Exchange Rates and Trade: A Disconnect?," IMF Working Papers 2017/058, International Monetary Fund.
    5. Pierre-Richard Agénor & Timothy Jackson & Luiz Awazu Pereira da Silva, 2020. "Foreign exchange intervention and financial stability," BIS Working Papers 889, Bank for International Settlements.
    6. Gor A. Khachatryan & Aleksandr Grigoryan, 2020. "Export Growth Dynamics and Real Exchange Rate: Evidence from Armenia," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(3), pages 493-509, July.
    7. Bajo-Rubio, Oscar & Berke, Burcu & Esteve, Vicente, 2016. "The effects of competitiveness on trade balance: The case of Southern Europe," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 10, pages 1-27.
    8. Biswajit Banerjee & Juraj Zeman, 2020. "Determinants of Global Value Chain Participation: Cross-country Analysis," Working and Discussion Papers WP 1/2020, Research Department, National Bank of Slovakia.
    9. de Soyres, François & Frohm, Erik & Gunnella, Vanessa & Pavlova, Elena, 2021. "Bought, sold and bought again: The impact of complex value chains on export elasticities," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    10. Adler, Gustavo & Meleshchuk, Sergii & Buitron, Carolina Osorio, 2023. "Global value chains and external adjustment: Do exchange rates still matter?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    11. Myoung Shik Choi, 2020. "A Predictive Effect of Exchange Rates on Value-Added Free Trade," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-10, November.
    12. Tscheke, Jan, 2016. "Operational Hedging of Exchange Rate Risks," Discussion Papers in Economics 30227, University of Munich, Department of Economics.
    13. Ryan M. Weldzius, 2021. "The end of currency manipulation? Global production networks and exchange rate outcomes," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(3), pages 514-532, November.
    14. Devendra Kumar Jain & Rup Singh & Henali Kumar & Nikeel Kumar & Arvind Patel, 2022. "Why does currency denomination in external liabilities of small island developing states matter? Evidence from Fiji," Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 447-464, September.
    15. Mr. Alexander Culiuc & Ms. Annette J Kyobe, 2017. "Structural Reforms and External Rebalancing," IMF Working Papers 2017/182, International Monetary Fund.
    16. Belghitar, Yacine & Clark, Ephraim & Dropsy, Vincent & Mefteh-Wali, Salma, 2021. "The effect of exchange rate fluctuations on the performance of small and medium sized enterprises: Implications for Brexit," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 399-410.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    asymétrie des devises; compte courant; compte financier; currency mismatches; current account; exchange rates; financial account; taux de change;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F32 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements
    • F40 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - General

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