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Non-Standard Employment across Occupations in Germany: The Role of Replaceability and Labour Market Flexibility

Author

Listed:
  • Eichhorst, Werner

    (IZA)

  • Marx, Paul

    (University of Bonn)

  • Tobsch, Verena

    (E-x-AKT WIRTSCHAFTSFORSCHUNG)

Abstract

The share of non-standard jobs in total employment has increased in Germany over recent decades. Research tends to attribute this in particular to labour market re-forms and socio-economic change. However, it becomes clear upon closer inspection that macro trends alone cannot provide satisfactory explanations. A striking yet rarely acknowledged aspect of the development in Germany is a large occupational heterogeneity, which is true for both current working conditions and trajectories of change. A process of asymmetric change has been witnessed in recent years, increasing the gap between occupational groups. Given this process, it seems increasingly questionable to aggregate data at the national level. Therefore, this paper analyses the role of different types of non-standard employment across occupations in Germany, explaining variation between occupations with reference to institutional conditions, industrial relations and patterns of labour supply and demand, in particular skill requirements.

Suggested Citation

  • Eichhorst, Werner & Marx, Paul & Tobsch, Verena, 2013. "Non-Standard Employment across Occupations in Germany: The Role of Replaceability and Labour Market Flexibility," IZA Discussion Papers 7662, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp7662
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Müller, Kai-Uwe & Neumann, Michael & Wrohlich, Katharina, 2018. "Labor Supply under Participation and Hours Constraints: An Extended Structural Model for Policy Evaluations," IZA Discussion Papers 12003, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. David Brady & Thomas Biegert, 2017. "The Rise of Precarious Employment in Germany," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 936, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    3. Althaber, Agnieszka & Leuze, Kathrin, 2020. "Der Einfluss der beruflichen Geschlechtersegregation und beruflicher Arbeitszeitarrangements auf Teilzeitarbeit: Gleiche Übergangsbedingungen für Frauen und Männer? [The Influence of Occupational S," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 72(S1), pages 317-349.
    4. Eichhorst, Werner & Hinte, Holger & Spermann, Alexander & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2015. "Die neue Beweglichkeit: Die Gewerkschaften in der digitalen Arbeitswelt," IZA Standpunkte 82, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Torben Krings, 2021. "‘Good’ Bad Jobs? The Evolution of Migrant Low-Wage Employment in Germany (1985–2015)," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 35(3), pages 527-544, June.
    6. Werner Eichhorst & Michael J. Kendzia, 2016. "Workforce segmentation in Germany: from the founding era to the present time [Die Segmentierung der Belegschaft in Deutschland: von der Gründerzeit bis heute]," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 49(4), pages 297-315, December.
    7. Eichhorst, Werner & Tobsch, Verena, 2014. "Flexible Arbeitswelten: Eine Bestandsaufnahme," IZA Standpunkte 72, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Kai-Uwe Müller & Michael Neumann & Katharina Wrohlich, 2018. "Labor Supply under Participation and Hours Constraints," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1758, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    9. Eichhorst, Werner & Spermann, Alexander, 2015. "Sharing Economy – Chancen, Risiken und Gestaltungsoptionen für den Arbeitsmarkt," IZA Research Reports 69, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. David Brady & Thomas Biegert, 2017. "The Rise of Precarious Employment in Germany," LIS Working papers 708, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    non-standard employment; fixed-term contracts; low pay; part-time work; service sector; manufacturing; Germany;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J41 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Labor Contracts

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