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Rotation Group Bias in Measures of Multiple Job Holding

Author

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  • Hirsch, Barry

    (Georgia State University)

  • Winters, John V.

    (Iowa State University)

Abstract

Reported multiple job holding rates in the U.S. are found to be substantially higher among workers in their first month in the CPS sample (the first rotation group), with rates declining in subsequent rotation groups. True rates should not differ across rotation groups. Using 22 years of CPS data, multiple job holding rates based solely on the first rotation group were 27.5 percent higher than official rates based on all rotation groups. Rotation group bias worsened over time and could account for as much as one-quarter of the measured decline in multiple job holding.

Suggested Citation

  • Hirsch, Barry & Winters, John V., 2016. "Rotation Group Bias in Measures of Multiple Job Holding," IZA Discussion Papers 10245, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp10245
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lawrence F. Katz & Alan B. Krueger, 2016. "The Rise and Nature of Alternative Work Arrangements in the United States, 1995-2015," Working Papers 603, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
    2. Barry T. Hirsch & Muhammad M. Husain & John V. Winters, 2016. "Multiple job holding, local labor markets, and the business cycle," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 5(1), pages 1-29, December.
    3. Robert E. Hall, 1970. "Why Is the Unemployment Rate So High at Full Employment?," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 1(3), pages 369-410.
    4. Lawrence F. Katz & Alan B. Krueger, 2016. "The Rise and Nature of Alternative Work Arrangements in the United States, 1995-2015," Working Papers 603, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
    5. Solon, Gary, 1986. "Effects of Rotation Group Bias on Estimation of Unemployment," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 4(1), pages 105-109, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Olena Kostyshyna & Etienne Lalé, 2022. "On the evolution of multiple jobholding in Canada," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(2), pages 1095-1134, May.
    2. Auray, Stéphane & Fuller, David L. & Vandenbroucke, Guillaume, 2021. "Comparative advantage and moonlighting," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    3. Hie Joo Ahn & James Hamilton, 2022. "Measuring Labor-Force Participation and the Incidence and Duration of Unemployment," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 44, pages 1-32, April.
    4. Gänser-Stickler, Gertraud M. & Schulz, Matthias & Schwens, Christian, 2022. "Sitting on the fence - Untangling the role of uncertainty in entrepreneurship and paid employment for hybrid entry," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(2).
    5. Bailey, Keith A. & Spletzer, James R., 2021. "A new measure of multiple jobholding in the U.S. economy," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    6. Konstantinos Pouliakas & Wieteke S. Conen, 2023. "Multiple job-holding: Career pathway or dire straits?," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 3562-3562, December.
    7. Hie Joo Ahn & James Hamilton, 2022. "Measuring Labor-Force Participation and the Incidence and Duration of Unemployment," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 44, pages 1-32, April.
    8. Barry T. Hirsch & Muhammad M. Husain & John V. Winters, 2017. "The Puzzling Pattern of Multiple Job Holding across U.S. Labor Markets," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 84(1), pages 26-51, July.
    9. Lalé, Etienne, 2016. "The Evolution of Multiple Jobholding in the U.S. Labor Market: The Complete Picture of Gross Worker Flows," IZA Discussion Papers 10355, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Bach, Ruben L. & Eckman, Stephanie, 2020. "Rotation group bias in reporting of household purchases in the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    11. Ondřej Dvouletý & Adriana Tykačová, 2025. "Single and multiple job holders: comparative study of working hours and earnings," International Journal of Economic Policy Studies, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 119-133, February.
    12. Bollinger, Christopher R. & Hirsch, Barry & Hokayem, Charles M. & Ziliak, James P., 2018. "Trouble in the Tails? What We Know about Earnings Nonresponse Thirty Years after Lillard, Smith, and Welch," IZA Discussion Papers 11710, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Current Population Survey; rotation group bias; multiple job holding;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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