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A Tale of Demand and Supply for Central Bank Reserves

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Abstract

In an ample-reserves framework, administered rates anchor money markets but suppress information from unsecured interbank trading. We recover that information by isolating the small interbank segment of the federal funds market. Using high-frequency bank-level data, we employ deposit shocks as an instrument for bank borrowing demand. Our analysis reveals that non-bank lenders, such as Federal Home Loan Banks, supply funds elastically, whereas bank lenders exhibit price inelasticity, which intensifies as their reserve balances decline, particularly for bankers’ banks. This interbank segment highlights distributional frictions in the federal funds market that emerge well before aggregate reserves become scarce and provides new evidence on monetary policy transmission in an ample-reserves regime.

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  • Sriya Anbil & Sebastian Infante & Zeynep Senyuz, 2026. "A Tale of Demand and Supply for Central Bank Reserves," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2026-028, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgfe:103338
    DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2026.028
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