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La educación como motor de desarrollo integral: la importancia del capital humano en el crecimiento económico y social de largo plazo

Author

Listed:
  • Oscar Andrés Espinosa Acuna
  • Paola Andrea Vaca González

Abstract

La presente investigación tiene por finalidad demostrar que las inversiones en educación primaria, secundaria y universitaria son vitales para el crecimiento, la equidad y el progreso económico del país, siendo variables primordiales que explican el desarrollo sostenible y eficiente de una nación. Para demostrar esto, se estudia desde un punto de vista teórico la importancia de la educación en la economía, se realiza un breve repaso de la historia del sistema educativo colombiano desde 1950 hasta 1998, y se efectúa la aplicación del modelo de capital humano de R. Lucas (1988) para la segunda mitad del siglo XX, demostrando que con el aumento de la eficiencia del sistema educativo, y por ende de la formación productiva en los individuos, se puede mejorar el crecimiento económico de largo plazo, y en esta medida la reducción de la pobreza, promoviendo así un desarrollo equitativo e inclusivo a través del crecimiento del PIB per-cápita y la generación de nuevas oportunidades. Finalmente, se proponen algunas recomendaciones de política pública para incentivar la inversión en la formación de capital humano.

Suggested Citation

  • Oscar Andrés Espinosa Acuna & Paola Andrea Vaca González, 2012. "La educación como motor de desarrollo integral: la importancia del capital humano en el crecimiento económico y social de largo plazo," Econógrafos, Escuela de Economía 9936, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000176:009936
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    File URL: http://fce.unal.edu.co/centro-editorial/docs/econografos-escuela-economia/18-la-educacion-como-motor-de-desarrollo-integral-la-importancia-del-capital-humano-en-el-crecimiento-economico-y-social-de-largo-plazo
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ana María Iregui & Ligia Melo B. & Jorge Ramos F., 2006. "Evaluación Y Análisis De Eficiencia De La Educación En Colombia," Borradores de Economia 2645, Banco de la Republica.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/10091 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Andrés Fernando Casas Moreno & Juan Miguel Gallego Acevedo & Carlos Eduardo Sepúlveda Rico, 2003. "Retornos a la educacion y sesgo de habilidad : teoria y aplicaciones en Colombia," Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Economía, issue 58, pages 69-96, Enero-Jun.
    4. Carlos Esteban Posada & Jorge Andrés Tamayo, 2008. "La transición hacia una economía urbana y el aumento del producto per cápita: el caso colombiano del siglo XX desde la perspectiva de Lucas," Borradores de Economia 5111, Banco de la Republica.
    5. Carlos Esteban Posada, 1995. "Crecimiento Económico , Capital Humano, Ahorro E Intituciones," Borradores de Economia 2215, Banco de la Republica.
    6. Neira, Isabel, 2000. "Educacion y desarrollo economico: el papel de la cooperacion internacional en el desarrollo del tercer mundo," Economic Development 47, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business. Econometrics..
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Education System; Human Capital; Economic Growth; Inclusion; Efficiency; Equity.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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