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Faldas por pantalones: las obreras, la brecha salarial, y el sindicalismo femenino en la industria en Colombia en 1945

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  • Daniela Santos Cárdenas

Abstract

La industria en Colombia se desarrolló con una importante participación de las mujeres obreras. En 1945, las obreras en la industria colombiana ganaban, en promedio, el 60% del salario de sus companeros hombres. Este artículo utiliza los datos del Censo Industrial de 1945 para analizar la distribución de la brecha salarial en la industria en Colombia, sus posibles determinantes, y el efecto del sindicalismo femenino sobre la misma. Desarrolla un modelo que cuantifica la proporción de la brecha salarial que no se debe a diferencias en productividad entre mujeres y hombres para cada uno de los sectores de la industria colombiana de la época. Encuentra que ni las diferencias en nivel de instrucción, ni las diferencias en productividad entre hombres y mujeres explican las amplias diferencias en salarios entre obreras y obreros. Además, encuentra que la sindicalización femenina no fue un medio a través del cual las mujeres obtuvieron condiciones laborales equitativas.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniela Santos Cárdenas, 2017. "Faldas por pantalones: las obreras, la brecha salarial, y el sindicalismo femenino en la industria en Colombia en 1945," Documentos CEDE 15669, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:015669
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Diego F. ANGEL URDINOLA & Quentin WODON, 2003. "Relative labor supply and the gender wage Gap: Evidence for Colombia and the United States," Archivos de Economía 3452, Departamento Nacional de Planeación.
    2. Goldin, Claudia, 1992. "Understanding the Gender Gap: An Economic History of American Women," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195072709.
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    5. Oaxaca, Ronald, 1973. "Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 14(3), pages 693-709, October.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Industrialización; Colombia; brecha salarial; brecha de género; sindicalismo; historia económica;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J3 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
    • J7 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination
    • L6 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing
    • N66 - Economic History - - Manufacturing and Construction - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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