IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/cir/cirpro/2025rp-10.html

Les avantages socioéconomiques d’un rattrapage de la diplomation des garçons au Québec

Author

Listed:
  • Marie Connolly
  • Fabian Lange

Abstract

→ Read the article in CIRANO's PERSPECTIVES Despite vast progress in school enrolment over the past few decades, Quebec continues to fare poorly when it comes to dropping out of school, particularly among boys. According to 2021 Census data, 12.1% of young men aged 25 to 34 in Quebec had no diploma or qualification, compared to 7.4% of women. The high school graduation rate for boys is lower in Quebec than in any other Canadian province. Since education brings many benefits, both on an individual and societal level, this under-education of boys is a cause for concern. A high drop-out rate represents a substantial loss of productivity potential, and is associated with greater pressure on public finances, as less-skilled and less-educated individuals contribute less to tax revenues on average, and receive more in government transfers. In this study, the authors assess the extent to which men's and women's educational attainment explains differences in labor market attachment, employment earnings, government transfers and income taxes paid, and what employment earnings, taxes paid and government transfers could be achieved by raising boys' high school graduation rates to those of girls. They then propose projections from 2021 to 2066 to illustrate how the population of men and women in Quebec, and its distribution between different levels of education, are likely to change over the next few years. Their analyses make it possible to assess the socio-economic benefits of catching up on boys' graduation rates, an essential element in any benefit-cost analysis. → Lire l'article dans la revue PERSPECTIVES du CIRANO Malgré de vastes progrès en matière de scolarisation au cours des dernières décennies, le Québec continue de faire piètre figure en ce qui concerne le décrochage scolaire, particulièrement chez les garçons. Selon les données du Recensement de 2021, 12,1 % des jeunes hommes de 25 à 34 ans n’avaient aucun diplôme ni aucune qualification au Québec alors que ce taux est de 7,4 % chez les femmes. Le taux de diplomation des études secondaires des garçons est plus bas au Québec que dans toutes les autres provinces canadiennes. L’éducation apportant de nombreux avantages, tant sur le plan individuel que sociétal, cette sous-scolarisation des garçons est source de préoccupations. Un taux de décrochage élevé représente ainsi une perte substantielle de potentiel de productivité, en plus d’être associé à une plus grande pression sur les finances publiques du fait que les individus moins qualifiés et moins éduqués contribuent en moyenne moins aux recettes fiscales et reçoivent plus de transferts gouvernementaux. Dans cette étude, les auteurs évaluent dans quelle mesure le niveau de scolarité des hommes et des femmes explique les différences dans l'attachement au marché du travail, les revenus d’emploi, les transferts gouvernementaux et impôts sur le revenu payés et quels seraient les revenus d’emploi, impôts payés et transferts qui pourraient être atteints en augmentant les taux de diplomation du secondaire des garçons pour atteindre celui des filles. Ils proposent ensuite des projections sur l’horizon 2021 à 2066 pour illustrer comment la population des hommes et des femmes au Québec et sa répartition entre les différents niveaux de scolarité seront susceptibles de changer au cours des prochaines années. Leurs analyses permettent d’évaluer les avantages socioéconomiques d’un rattrapage des taux de diplomation des garçons, élément essentiel d’une éventuelle analyse avantages-coûts.

Suggested Citation

  • Marie Connolly & Fabian Lange, 2025. "Les avantages socioéconomiques d’un rattrapage de la diplomation des garçons au Québec," CIRANO Project Reports 2025rp-10, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2025rp-10
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2025RP-10.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Philip Oreopoulos, 2006. "The compelling effects of compulsory schooling: evidence from Canada," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(1), pages 22-52, February.
    2. Ben Jann, 2008. "A Stata implementation of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition," ETH Zurich Sociology Working Papers 5, ETH Zurich, Chair of Sociology, revised 14 May 2008.
    3. Claude Montmarquette & Nathalie Viennot-Briot & Marcel Dagenais, 2007. "Dropout, School Performance, and Working while in School," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 89(4), pages 752-760, November.
    4. Oaxaca, Ronald, 1973. "Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 14(3), pages 693-709, October.
    5. Brahim Boudarbat & Marie Connolly, 2013. "The gender wage gap among recent post‐secondary graduates in Canada: a distributional approach," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 46(3), pages 1037-1065, August.
    6. Daniel Parent, 2006. "Work while in high school in Canada: its labour market and educational attainment effects," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(4), pages 1125-1150, November.
    7. James J. Heckman & John Eric Humphries & Gregory Veramendi, 2018. "Returns to Education: The Causal Effects of Education on Earnings, Health, and Smoking," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 126(S1), pages 197-246.
    8. Sergio P. Firpo & Nicole M. Fortin & Thomas Lemieux, 2018. "Decomposing Wage Distributions Using Recentered Influence Function Regressions," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-40, May.
    9. O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), 1999. "Handbook of Labor Economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, Elsevier, edition 1, volume 3, number 3.
    10. Fortin, Nicole & Lemieux, Thomas & Firpo, Sergio, 2011. "Decomposition Methods in Economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 1, pages 1-102, Elsevier.
    11. Bernard Fortin & Marcelin Joanis & Safa Ragued, 2019. "Interruption des études secondaires et postsecondaires au Canada : une analyse dynamique," CIRANO Project Reports 2019rp-11, CIRANO.
    12. Sergio Firpo & Nicole M. Fortin & Thomas Lemieux, 2009. "Unconditional Quantile Regressions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 77(3), pages 953-973, May.
    13. Alan S. Blinder, 1973. "Wage Discrimination: Reduced Form and Structural Estimates," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 8(4), pages 436-455.
    14. Card, David, 1999. "The causal effect of education on earnings," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 30, pages 1801-1863, Elsevier.
    15. Zvi Eckstein & Kenneth I. Wolpin, 1999. "Why Youths Drop Out of High School: The Impact of Preferences, Opportunities, and Abilities," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 67(6), pages 1295-1340, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gabriella Berloffa & Francesca Paolini, 2019. "Decomposing Immigrant Differences in Physical and Mental Health: A 'Beyond the Mean' Analysis," DEM Working Papers 2019/4, Department of Economics and Management.
    2. Huong Thu Le & Ha Trong Nguyen, 2018. "The evolution of the gender test score gap through seventh grade: new insights from Australia using unconditional quantile regression and decomposition," IZA Journal of Labor Economics, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 7(1), pages 1-42, December.
    3. Nguyen, Ha, 2015. "The evolution of the gender test score gap through seventh grade: New insights from Australia using quantile regression and decomposition," MPRA Paper 67586, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Katie Meara & Francesco Pastore & Allan Webster, 2020. "The gender pay gap in the USA: a matching study," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 33(1), pages 271-305, January.
    5. Gabriel Montes-Rojas & Lucas Siga & Ram Mainali, 2017. "Mean and quantile regression Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions with an application to caste discrimination," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 15(3), pages 245-255, September.
    6. Luis Ayala & Javier Martín‐Román & Juan Vicente, 2024. "What contributes to rising inequality in large cities?," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 64(5), pages 1760-1810, November.
    7. Michel Lubrano & Abdoul Aziz Junior Ndoye, 2014. "Bayesian Unconditional Quantile Regression: An Analysis of Recent Expansions in Wage Structure and Earnings Inequality in the US 1992–2009," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 61(2), pages 129-153, May.
    8. Kaltenberg, Mary & Foster-McGregor, Neil, 2020. "The impact of automation on inequality across Europe," MERIT Working Papers 2020-009, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    9. Mustafizur Rahman & Marzuka Md. Al-Hasan, 2019. "Women in Bangladesh Labour Market: Determinants of Participation, Gender Wage Gap and Returns to Schooling," CPD Working Paper 124, Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD).
    10. Sandeep Mohapatra & Bruno Wichmann & Philippe Marcoul, 2018. "Removing The “Veil Of Ignorance”: Nonlinearities In Education Effects On Gender Wage Inequalities," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 36(4), pages 644-666, October.
    11. Tindara Addabbo & Chiara Mussida, 2025. "Inequalities in Talents’ Earnings: A Tale of Two European Countries," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 180(2), pages 569-588, November.
    12. Hope Bodenschatz & Gerald Eric Daniels Jr. & Jeffrey P. Thompson, 2023. "Decomposing Lifetime-Earnings Differences between White, Black, and Hispanic Families," Working Papers 23-14, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
    13. Démurger, Sylvie & Li, Shi & Yang, Juan, 2012. "Earnings differentials between the public and private sectors in China: Exploring changes for urban local residents in the 2000s," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 138-153.
    14. Maloney, William F. & Sarrias, Mauricio, 2017. "Convergence to the managerial frontier," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 284-306.
    15. Seneviratne, Prathi, 2020. "Gender wage inequality during Sri Lanka’s post-reform growth: A distributional analysis," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    16. Rosalia Castellano & Gaetano Musella & Gennaro Punzo, 2019. "The effect of environmental attitudes and policies on separate waste collection: the case of Insular Italy," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 63-85, April.
    17. Schmid, Ramona, 2022. "Migration and wage inequality: A detailed analysis for German regions over time," Hohenheim Discussion Papers in Business, Economics and Social Sciences 04-2022, University of Hohenheim, Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences.
    18. Zanola, Roberto & Vecco, Marilena & Jones, Andrew, 2021. "A place for everything and everything in its place: New York's role in the art market," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(3), pages 215-224.
    19. Lounkaew, Kiatanantha, 2013. "Explaining urban–rural differences in educational achievement in Thailand: Evidence from PISA literacy data," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 213-225.
    20. Michele Campolieti & Tony Fang & Morley Gunderson, 2010. "Labour Market Outcomes and Skill Acquisition of High-School Dropouts," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 31(1), pages 39-52, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2025rp-10. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Webmaster (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ciranca.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.