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Role of Non-Performing Loads (NPLs) and Capital Adequacy in Banking Structure and Competition

Author

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  • Yoonhee Tina Chang

    (School of Management, University of Bath)

Abstract

This paper analyses the impact of the transition from price-cap regulation (deposit/loan rate control) to rate-of-return regulation (ROA, NP:s and/or BIS ratio) on banking industry structure. A simple theoretical model of banking competition suggests that the relative dominance of the two objective functions under different regulatory regimes affects the market structure. Imposing more stringent rate-of-return regulation, whilst relaxing price-cap regulation, reduces the equilibrium number of banks. The result from the theoretical model is also supported by empirical evidence from Korea, which has undergone substantial consolidation in recent years. The empirical analysis uses a unique data set of the entire commercial banking sector in Korea between 1976 and 2003, which covers both pre- and post-banking crisis periods.

Suggested Citation

  • Yoonhee Tina Chang, 2006. "Role of Non-Performing Loads (NPLs) and Capital Adequacy in Banking Structure and Competition," Working Papers 06-15, Centre for Competition Policy, University of East Anglia.
    • Handle: RePEc:ccp:wpaper:wp06-15
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    File URL: http://www.ccp.uea.ac.uk/publicfiles/workingpapers/CCP06-15.pdf
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    2. Prerna BAMORIYA & Rajendra JAIN, 2013. "NPA and Select Key Financial Heads: an Empirical study of Commercial Banks of India using Multiple Regression Modelling," The Journal of Accounting and Management, Danubius University of Galati, issue 2, pages 19-25, August.
    3. Arjan Tushaj & Valentina Sinaj, 2020. "Does Banking Concentration Affect Non-Performing Loans in Albania?," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 1), pages 1074-1083.
    4. Habib Ur Rahman & Adam Arian & John Sands, 2023. "Does Fiscal Consolidation Affect Non-Performing Loans? Global Evidence from Heavily Indebted Countries (HICs)," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Richard Arhinful & Leviticus Mensah & Bright Akwasi Gyamfi & Hayford Asare Obeng, 2025. "The Impact of Non-Performing Loans on Bank Growth: The Moderating Roles of Bank Size and Capital Adequacy Ratio—Evidence from U.S. Banks," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-23, September.
    6. Arjan Tushaj & Valentina Sinaj, 2020. "The Effect of Banking Concentration on Non-Performing Loans: The Case of Albania," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(2), pages 433-442.
    7. Hajdaraj, Besa & Aliu, Muhamet, 2023. "Impact of Covid-19 and Non-performing Loan Determinants: Case Study Republic of Kosovo," Proceedings of the ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion Conference (2023), Hybrid Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, in: Proceedings of the ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion Conference, Hybrid Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 4-6 September, 2023, pages 81-92, IRENET - Society for Advancing Innovation and Research in Economy, Zagreb.
    8. Amila Žunić & Kemal Kozarić & Emina Žunić Dželihodžić, 2021. "Non-Performing Loan Determinants and Impact of COVID-19: Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 10(3), pages 5-22.
    9. Jayakumar, Manju & Pradhan, Rudra P. & Dash, Saurav & Maradana, Rana P. & Gaurav, Kunal, 2018. "Banking competition, banking stability, and economic growth: Are feedback effects at work?," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 15-41.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
    • L59 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Other

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