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Integración en el Mercado Laboral Colombiano: 1945-1998

Author

Listed:
  • Carlos Felipe Jaramillo
  • Carmen Astrid Romero
  • Oskar Andrés Nupia

Abstract

El funcionamiento eficiente de los mercados laborales es un requisito indispensable para la asignación óptima de los factores en una economía. Esto implica que los mercados regionales de trabajo deben mostrar una alta interdependencia, lo cual se expresa en remuneraciones que no difieran sustancialmente en distintos puntos geográficos de un país y que reflejen tendencias comunes de largo plazo. Sin embargo, estudios recientes del caso colombiano indican que en las últimas décadas ha persistido una brecha salarial ruralurbana y que los mercados laborales regionales exhiben síntomas de segmentación (Urrutia, 1993; Nupia y Jaramillo, 1998). El objetivo central de este trabajo es aportar nuevos elementos al debate sobre la operación de los mercados de mano de obra no calificada en Colombia. El estudio se centra en el análisis estadístico de los salarios rurales y urbanos correspondientes al período 1945-1998 para abordar preguntas relacionadas con el grado de integración y de convergencia de estos mercados. Se busca dar respuestas a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cuál ha sido la evolución de los salarios rurales y urbanos así como la de la brecha salarial desde 1945? ¿Están integrados los mercados laborales, tanto rurales como urbanos? ¿Existe un mercado laboral nacional o mercados regionales segmentados? ¿Hay una tendencia hacia la convergencia entre los salarios de los mercados rurales? ¿Los salarios rurales tienden a converger hacia los salarios urbanos? El trabajo se sustenta en herramientas estadísticas para responder los interrogantes planteados. La integración laboral se evalúa mediante la búsqueda de tendencias comunes entre los salarios, usando técnicas de cointegración para series de tiempo multivariadas (pruebas de Johansen). Los resultados de estas pruebas son contrastados con los de técnicas bivariadas tradicionales. Para evaluar si hay evidencia de convergencia en los niveles salariales de diferentes mercados, utilizamos varios métodos. Inicialmente, exami
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Felipe Jaramillo & Carmen Astrid Romero & Oskar Andrés Nupia, 2000. "Integración en el Mercado Laboral Colombiano: 1945-1998," Borradores de Economia 148, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:148
    DOI: 10.32468/be.148
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. George R. Boyer & Timothy J. Hatton, 1997. "Migration and Labour Market Integration in Late Nineteenth-Century England and Wales," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 50(4), pages 697-734, November.
    2. Ricardo Rocha & Alejandro Vivas, 1998. "Crecimiento regional en Colombia: ¿Persiste la desigualdad?," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, January.
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    6. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    7. Nupia Martínez Oskar Andrés, 1997. "Integración espacial en los mercados laborales: evidencia para las regiones colombianas," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, September.
    8. Birchenall Jiménez Javier Arturo, 1997. "Convergencia regional: una revisión del caso colombiano," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, September.
    9. Matthew J. Slaughter, 1995. "The Antebellum Transportation Revolution and Factor-Price Convergence," NBER Working Papers 5303, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Camilo Alberto Cárdenas Hurtado & María Alejandra Hernández Montes & Jhon Edwar Torres Gorron, 2015. "A Statistical Analysis of Heterogeneity on Labour Markets and Unemployment Rates in Colombia," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, August.
    2. Luis Armando Galvis-Aponte & Wendy Galvis-Larios & Lucas Wilfried Hahn-De-Castro, 2017. "Una revisión de los estudios de convergencia regional en Colombia," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 15914, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
    3. Pablo Astorga, 2015. "Functional Inequality in Latin America: News from the Twentieth Century," Oxford Economic and Social History Working Papers _135, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    4. Pablo Astorga, 2015. "Functional Inequality in Latin America: News from the Twentieth Century," Oxford University Economic and Social History Series _135, Economics Group, Nuffield College, University of Oxford.
    5. Pablo Astorga Junquera, 2017. "Real Wages and Skill Premiums during Economic Development in Latin America," Oxford Economic and Social History Working Papers _153, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    6. Camilo Alberto Cárdenas Hurtado & María Alejandra Hernández Montes & Jhon Edwar Torres Gorron, 2014. "An Exploratory Analysis of Heterogeneity on Regional Labour Markets and Unemployment Rates in Colombia: An MFACT approach," Borradores de Economia 802, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity

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