IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/adv/wpaper/200407.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Análisis de Equidad en la Asignación del Gasto Educativo en Bolivia

Author

Listed:
  • Osvaldo Nina

    (Grupo Integral)

  • Oscar Molina

    (Grupo Integral)

  • Paola Barrientos

    (Grupo Integral)

  • Paloma Aguilar

    (Grupo Integral)

Abstract

Las reformas educativas de los noventas cambiaron los mecanismos de asignación del gasto educativo en América Latina. Sin embargo, estas reformas no fueron seguidas por estudios que examinen los resultados sobre equidad. La ausencia de análisis sobre equidad en el financiamiento educativo está obstaculizando el diseño de políticas públicas que permitan mejorar la asignación de estos recursos. En el caso de Bolivia, si bien el Programa de Reforma Educativa y la Estrategia Boliviana de Reducción de la Pobreza han declarado dedicar una partida presupuestaria significativa a la educación escolar, pareciera que estos recursos no llegaron a la población objetivo. En ese sentido, el fin del estudio es analizar la asignación del gasto educativo escolar público entre municipios a través de distintos conceptos de equidad y, a partir de ello, se pretende generar criterios de asignación que permitan disminuir las inequidades actualmente existentes. El estudio evalúa la equidad horizontal, equidad vertical e igualdad de oportunidades. Los resultados señalan que los componentes del gasto educativo que controla el gobierno central están promoviendo levemente la equidad horizontal; en cambio, aquellas variables que controlan los municipios la están limitando. Los criterios de asignación basados en localización geográfica y pobreza están promoviendo la equidad vertical, pero no coinciden con las necesidades educativas. Finalmente, los resultados muestran que no existe igualdad de oportunidades; sin embargo, el gasto descentralizado influye positivamente al rendimiento académico, en especial en los grupos de estudiantes indígenas y niñas. Los resultados del estudio sugieren que es necesaria una redistribución del gasto centralizado en base a criterios de necesidades educativas y rendimiento académico. Además, es necesario incrementar y focalizar el gasto descentralizado con el objetivo de reducir las influencias negativas de la familia, como la pobreza y los niveles bajos de educación de los padres.

Suggested Citation

  • Osvaldo Nina & Oscar Molina & Paola Barrientos & Paloma Aguilar, 2004. "Análisis de Equidad en la Asignación del Gasto Educativo en Bolivia," Development Research Working Paper Series 07/2004, Institute for Advanced Development Studies.
  • Handle: RePEc:adv:wpaper:200407
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.inesad.edu.bo/pdf/wp07_2004.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dante Contreras & Víctor Macías, 2002. "Desigualdad Educacional en Chile: Geografía y Dependencia," Latin American Journal of Economics-formerly Cuadernos de Economía, Instituto de Economía. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 39(118), pages 395-421.
    2. Hanushek, Eric A, 1995. "Interpreting Recent Research on Schooling in Developing Countries," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 10(2), pages 227-246, August.
    3. Alejandra Mizala & Pilar Romaguera & Teresa Reinaga, 1999. "Factores que inciden en el rendimiento escolar en Bolivia," Documentos de Trabajo 61, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile.
    4. Caroline Minter Hoxby, 1996. "Are Efficiency and Equity in School Finance Substitutes or Complements?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 10(4), pages 51-72, Fall.
    5. Hanushek, Eric A, 1986. "The Economics of Schooling: Production and Efficiency in Public Schools," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 24(3), pages 1141-1177, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Claudio Sapelli & Bernardita Vial, 2002. "The Performance of Private and Public Schools in the Chilean Voucher System," Latin American Journal of Economics-formerly Cuadernos de Economía, Instituto de Economía. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 39(118), pages 423-454.
    2. Marchionni, Mariana & Vazquez, Emmanuel & Pinto, Florencia, 2012. "Desigualdad educativa en la Argentina. Análisis en base a los datos PISA 2009 [Education Inequality in Argentina. An analysis based on PISA 2009 data]," MPRA Paper 56420, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Shalabh Kumar Singh & Basanta K. Pradhan, 2010. "Policy Reforms and Financing of Elementary Education in India: A Study of the Quality of Service and Outcome," Working Papers id:2849, eSocialSciences.
    4. Sylvie Moulin & Michael Kremer & Paul Glewwe, 2009. "Many Children Left Behind? Textbooks and Test Scores in Kenya," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 1(1), pages 112-135, January.
    5. Di Mo & Linxiu Zhang & Renfu Luo & Qinghe Qu & Weiming Huang & Jiafu Wang & Yajie Qiao & Matthew Boswell & Scott Rozelle, 2014. "Integrating computer-assisted learning into a regular curriculum: evidence from a randomised experiment in rural schools in Shaanxi," Journal of Development Effectiveness, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(3), pages 300-323, September.
    6. Weili Ding & Steven F. Lehrer, 2007. "Do Peers Affect Student Achievement in China's Secondary Schools?," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 89(2), pages 300-312, May.
    7. Jean Drèze & Geeta Gandhi Kingdon, 2001. "School Participation in Rural India," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 5(1), pages 1-24, February.
    8. Silvio Fernando López Mera, 2015. "Perfil de los maestros oficiales de Medellín, Colombia," Revista Equidad y Desarrollo, Universidad de la Salle, May.
    9. Abhijit V. Banerjee & Shawn Cole & Esther Duflo & Leigh Linden, 2007. "Remedying Education: Evidence from Two Randomized Experiments in India," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 122(3), pages 1235-1264.
    10. Lai, Fang & Luo, Renfu & Zhang, Linxiu & Huang, Xinzhe & Rozelle, Scott, 2015. "Does computer-assisted learning improve learning outcomes? Evidence from a randomized experiment in migrant schools in Beijing," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 34-48.
    11. Urquiola, Miguel, 2001. "Identifying class size effects in developing countries : evidence from rural schools in Bolivia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2711, The World Bank.
    12. Ludger Wößmann, 2003. "Schooling Resources, Educational Institutions and Student Performance: the International Evidence," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 65(2), pages 117-170, May.
    13. Polcyn, Jan, 2017. "Edukacja jako dobro publiczne - próba kwantyfikacji [Education as a public good – an attempt at quantification]," MPRA Paper 76606, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2017.
    14. Bacolod, Marigee & Tobias, Justin, 2005. "Schools, School Quality and Academic Achievement: Evidence from the Philippines," Staff General Research Papers Archive 12249, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    15. Glewwe, Paul & Kremer, Michael & Moulin, Sylvie & Zitzewitz, Eric, 2004. "Retrospective vs. prospective analyses of school inputs: the case of flip charts in Kenya," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 251-268, June.
    16. Millimet, Daniel L. & Rangaprasad, Vasudha, 2007. "Strategic competition amongst public schools," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 199-219, March.
    17. AfDB AfDB, 2007. "Working Paper 92 - Education Expenditures and School Enrolment in Africa: Illustrations from Nigeria and Other SANE Countries," Working Paper Series 2225, African Development Bank.
    18. Herrera Gómez, Marcos & Aráoz, M. Florencia & de Lafuente, Gisela & D'jorge, Lucrecia & Granado, M. José & Michel Rivero, Andrés & Paz Terán, Corina, 2005. "Técnicas para datos multinivel: Aplicación a los determinantes del rendimiento educativo [Techniques for multilevel data: Application to the determinants of educational performance]," MPRA Paper 38736, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Ludger Wößmann, 2003. "European education production functions: what makes a difference for student achievement in Europe?," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 190, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    20. Zhang, Lei, 2008. "Political economy of income distribution dynamics," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 119-139, August.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gasto educativo; Equidad; Bolivia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I22 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Educational Finance; Financial Aid

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:adv:wpaper:200407. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Lykke Andersen (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/inesabo.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.