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The COVID-19 Pandemic in Latin American and Caribbean countries: Gender Differentials in Labor Market Dynamics

Author

Listed:
  • Viollaz Mariana

    (CEDLAS, Argentina and IZA, Bonn, Germany .)

  • Salazar-Saenz Mauricio

    (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia .)

  • Flabbi Luca

    (University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill, NC and IZA, Bonn, Germany .)

  • Bustelo Monserrat

    (Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, DC, .)

  • Bosch Mariano

    (Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, DC, .)

Abstract

We study gender differences in changes in labor market dynamics before the pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic in four Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries: Brazil, Chile, Dominican Republic, and Mexico. Specifically, we look at differences in labor market states and at differences in the transitions of workers across labor market states. To identify the pandemic's impact, we compare labor market stocks and labor market flows for a number of balanced panels of workers during the pandemic and before the pandemic. We find that the pandemic has negatively affected employment and labor market participation of both men and women, but that the effect is significantly stronger for women, magnifying the already large gender gaps observed in LAC countries. The main channel generating this stronger impact is the increase in child care work performed by women with school-age children.

Suggested Citation

  • Viollaz Mariana & Salazar-Saenz Mauricio & Flabbi Luca & Bustelo Monserrat & Bosch Mariano, 2023. "The COVID-19 Pandemic in Latin American and Caribbean countries: Gender Differentials in Labor Market Dynamics," IZA Journal of Development and Migration, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 14(1), pages 1-57, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:izajdm:v:14:y:2023:i:1:p:57:n:3
    DOI: 10.2478/izajodm-2023-0006
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Labor market transitions; COVID-19 pandemic; Gender differentials; Latin American and Caribbean countries; J6; J16; J46; O10; O17;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J6 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J46 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Informal Labor Market
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements

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