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Non-motorised Level of Service: Addressing Challenges in Pedestrian and Bicycle Level of Service

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  • Zohreh Asadi-Shekari
  • Mehdi Moeinaddini
  • Muhammad Zaly Shah

Abstract

Motorised vehicle conditions have been evaluated by many researchers. In contrast, there are very limited studies on vulnerable and non-motorised users, such as cyclists and pedestrians, specifically children, the elderly and the disabled. Thus, this paper reviews prominent studies on street evaluations to identify effective indicators for non-motorised trips. The street condition for these trips is measured by the bicycle level of service (BLOS) and the pedestrian level of service (PLOS). In previous studies, different methods have been introduced for PLOS and BLOS. However, these methods have several major shortcomings. First, pedestrians and cyclists are assumed to be users who can share street facilities with motorised vehicles and thus are considered equivalent to cars. Second, the majority of these methods are complicated and time-consuming, and it is difficult to connect them to a design process. Furthermore, these methods support only a limited number of walking and cycling facilities; therefore, they may not be valid for a wide range of pedestrians and cyclists with a diverse variety of abilities and ages. This study discusses the challenges in the BLOS and PLOS research and attempts to introduce new objectives for further studies in this field to eliminate the aforementioned shortcomings.

Suggested Citation

  • Zohreh Asadi-Shekari & Mehdi Moeinaddini & Muhammad Zaly Shah, 2013. "Non-motorised Level of Service: Addressing Challenges in Pedestrian and Bicycle Level of Service," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(2), pages 166-194, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:transr:v:33:y:2013:i:2:p:166-194
    DOI: 10.1080/01441647.2013.775613
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bento, Antonio M. & Cropper, Maureen L. & Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq & Vinha, Katja, 2003. "The impact of urban spatial structure on travel demand in the United States," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3007, The World Bank.
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    2. Vallejo-Borda, Jose Agustin & Barchelot-Aceros, Laura Juliana & Barrero, German A. & Ortiz-Ramirez, Hernan Alberto & Pabón-Poches, Daysy Katherine & Silva-Fernández, Claudia Susana, 2023. "Addressing pedestrian perceived externalities influenced by motor vehicles: A perspective from curb space typologies," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    3. Hamid Motieyan & Farnaz Kaviari & Nikrouz Mostofi, 2022. "Quantifying walking capability: a novel aggregated index based on spatial perspective and analyses," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 101(2), pages 483-503, April.
    4. Ana Margarita Larranaga & Julián Arellana & Luis Ignacio Rizzi & Orlando Strambi & Helena Beatriz Bettella Cybis, 2019. "Using best–worst scaling to identify barriers to walkability: a study of Porto Alegre, Brazil," Transportation, Springer, vol. 46(6), pages 2347-2379, December.
    5. Sheila Ferrer & Tomás Ruiz, 2017. "Comparison on travel scheduling between driving and walking trips by habitual car users," Transportation, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 27-48, January.
    6. Yu, Haitao & Peng, Zhong-Ren, 2019. "Exploring the spatial variation of ridesourcing demand and its relationship to built environment and socioeconomic factors with the geographically weighted Poisson regression," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 147-163.
    7. Zhu, Siying & Zhu, Feng, 2019. "Cycling comfort evaluation with instrumented probe bicycle," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 217-231.
    8. Maria Grazia Bellizzi & Carmen Forciniti & Gabriella Mazzulla, 2021. "A Stated Preference Survey for Evaluating Young Pedestrians’ Preferences on Walkways," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-12, November.
    9. Nagao, Koki & Yanagisawa, Daichi & Nishinari, Katsuhiro, 2018. "Estimation of crowd density applying wavelet transform and machine learning," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 510(C), pages 145-163.
    10. Andreas Nikiforiadis & Socrates Basbas & Foteini Mikiki & Aikaterini Oikonomou & Efrosyni Polymeroudi, 2021. "Pedestrians-Cyclists Shared Spaces Level of Service: Comparison of Methodologies and Critical Discussion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-19, January.
    11. Bram Boettge & Damon M. Hall & Thomas Crawford, 2017. "Assessing the Bicycle Network in St. Louis: A PlaceBased User-Centered Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-18, February.
    12. Tufail Ahmed & Mehdi Moeinaddini & Meshal Almoshaogeh & Arshad Jamal & Imran Nawaz & Fawaz Alharbi, 2021. "A New Pedestrian Crossing Level of Service (PCLOS) Method for Promoting Safe Pedestrian Crossing in Urban Areas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-18, August.
    13. Khashayar Kazemzadeh & Aliaksei Laureshyn & Lena Winslott Hiselius & Enrico Ronchi, 2020. "Expanding the Scope of the Bicycle Level-of-Service Concept: A Review of the Literature," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-30, April.
    14. Siying Zhu & Feng Zhu, 2020. "Multi-objective bike-way network design problem with space–time accessibility constraint," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(5), pages 2479-2503, October.
    15. Liang, Xiao & Zhang, Tianyu & Xie, Meiquan & Jia, Xudong, 2021. "Analyzing bicycle level of service using virtual reality and deep learning technologies," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 115-129.
    16. Dena Kasraian & Sneha Adhikari & David Kossowsky & Michael Luubert & G Brent Hall & Jason Hawkins & Khandker Nurul Habib & Matthew J Roorda, 2021. "Evaluating pedestrian perceptions of street design with a 3D stated preference survey," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 48(7), pages 1787-1805, September.

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