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Residential Street Parking and Car Ownership

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  • Zhan Guo

Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings: Local governments' minimum street-width standards may force developers to oversupply, and residents to pay excessively for, on-street parking in residential neighborhoods. Such oversupply is often presumed to both encourage car ownership and reduce housing affordability, although little useful evidence exists either way. This article examines the impact of street-parking supply on the car ownership of households with off-street parking in the New York City area. The off- and on-street parking supply for each household was measured through Google Street View and Bing Maps. The impact of on-street parking on car ownership levels was then estimated in an innovative multivariate model. The unique set-up of the case study ensures 1) the weak endogeneity between parking supply and car ownership and 2) the low correlation between off-street and on-street parking supply, two major methodological challenges of the study. Results show that free residential street parking increases private car ownership by nearly 9%; that is, the availability of free street parking explains 1 out of 11 cars owned by households with off-street parking. Takeaway for practice: These results offer support for community street standards that make on-street parking supply optional. They also suggest the merits of leaving the decisions of whether, and how many, on-street parking spaces to provide in new residential developments to private markets rather than regulations. Research support: This project was supported by grants from the University Transportation Research Center (Region 2) and the Wagner School Faculty Research Fund.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhan Guo, 2013. "Residential Street Parking and Car Ownership," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 79(1), pages 32-48, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:rjpaxx:v:79:y:2013:i:1:p:32-48
    DOI: 10.1080/01944363.2013.790100
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    1. David Neumark & William Wascher, 2006. "Minimum Wages and Employment: A Review of Evidence from the New Minimum Wage Research," NBER Working Papers 12663, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. repec:ucp:bkecon:9781884829987 is not listed on IDEAS
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    1. Thumm, Alex Jürgen & Perl, Anthony, 2020. "Puzzling over parking: Assessing the transitional parking requirement in Vancouver, British Columbia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 85-101.
    2. Guo, Zhan & McDonnell, Simon, 2013. "Curb parking pricing for local residents: An exploration in New York City based on willingness to pay," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 186-198.
    3. Klein, Nicholas J. & Tran, Minh & Riley, Sarah, 2020. "“Desperately Need a Car”: Analyzing Crowdfunding Campaigns for Car Purchases and Repairs on Gofundme.com," SocArXiv 8x7d2, Center for Open Science.
    4. Christiansen, Petter & Engebretsen, Øystein & Fearnley, Nils & Usterud Hanssen, Jan, 2017. "Parking facilities and the built environment: Impacts on travel behaviour," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 198-206.
    5. Weite Lu & Chunqin Zhang & Xunyou Ni & Haiqiang Liu, 2020. "Do the Elderly Need Wider Parking Spaces? Evidence from Experimental and Questionnaire Surveys," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-15, May.
    6. Scheiner, Joachim & Faust, Nico & Helmer, Johannes & Straub, Michael & Holz-Rau, Christian, 2020. "What's that garage for? Private parking and on-street parking in a high-density urban residential neighbourhood," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    7. Taylor, Dr Elizabeth, 2021. "Free parking for free people: German road laws and rights as constraints on local car parking management," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 23-33.
    8. Moran, Marcel E, 2023. "Authorized Vehicles Only: Police, parking, and pedestrian access in New York City," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt2f7608c2, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    9. Albalate, Daniel & Gragera, Albert, 2020. "The impact of curbside parking regulations on car ownership," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    10. Salo V. Coslovsky, 2015. "Beyond Bureaucracy: How Prosecutors and Public Defenders Enforce Urban Planning Laws in São Paulo, Brazil," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(6), pages 1103-1119, November.
    11. Guang Tian & Keunhyun Park & Reid Ewing, 2019. "Trip and parking generation rates for different housing types: Effects of compact development," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(8), pages 1554-1575, June.
    12. Sajjad Haider & Peter Schegner, 2021. "Simulating the Impacts of Uncontrolled Electric Vehicle Charging in Low Voltage Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-25, April.
    13. Gürcan Sarısoy & Hüseyin Onur Tezcan, 2024. "Does Parking Type Preference Behavior Differ According to Whether It Is Paid or Free? A Case Study in Istanbul, Türkiye," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-25, August.
    14. McAslan, Devon & Sprei, Frances, 2023. "Minimum parking requirements and car ownership: An analysis of Swedish municipalities," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 45-58.
    15. Sabouri, Sadegh & Tian, Guang & Ewing, Reid & Park, Keunhyun & Greene, William, 2021. "The built environment and vehicle ownership modeling: Evidence from 32 diverse regions in the U.S," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    16. Kristina M. Currans & Gabriella Abou-Zeid & Chris McCahill & Nicole Iroz-Elardo & Kelly J. Clifton & Susan Handy & Irene Pineda, 2023. "Households with constrained off-street parking drive fewer miles," Transportation, Springer, vol. 50(6), pages 2227-2252, December.
    17. Taylor, Elizabeth Jean, 2020. "Parking policy: The politics and uneven use of residential parking space in Melbourne," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    18. Inci, Eren, 2015. "A review of the economics of parking," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 50-63.
    19. Olus Inan, Murat & Inci, Eren & Robin Lindsey, C., 2019. "Spillover parking," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 197-228.
    20. Anne C. Lusk & Walter C. Willett & Vivien Morris & Christopher Byner & Yanping Li, 2019. "Bicycle Facilities Safest from Crime and Crashes: Perceptions of Residents Familiar with Higher Crime/Lower Income Neighborhoods in Boston," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-21, February.

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