IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/scient/v127y2022i5d10.1007_s11192-022-04304-x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Towards a Triple Helix based efficiency index of innovation systems

Author

Listed:
  • Milica Jovanović

    (University of Belgrade)

  • Gordana Savić

    (University of Belgrade)

  • Yuzhuo Cai

    (Tampere University)

  • Maja Levi-Jakšić

    (University of Belgrade)

Abstract

This article presents a novel application of a two-phase Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for evaluating the efficiency of innovation systems based on the Triple Helix neo-evolutionary model. The authors identify a niche to measure Triple Helix-based efficiency of innovation systems scrutinizing different methodologies for measuring Triple Helix performance and indicating different perspectives on policy implications. The paper presents a new Triple Helix-based index that engages a comprehensive dataset and helps provide useful feedback to policymakers. It is based on a set of 19 indicators collected from the official reports of 34 OECD countries and applied in a two-phase DEA model: the indicators are aggregated into pillars according to the Assurance Region Global and DEA super-efficiency model; pillar scores are aggregated according to the Benefit-of-the-Doubt based DEA model. The results provide a rank of 34 countries outlining strengths and weaknesses of each observed innovation system. The research implies a variable set of weights to be a major advantage of DEA allowing less developed countries to excel in evaluating innovation systems efficiency. The results of Triple Helix efficiency index measurement presented in this paper help better account for the European Innovation Paradox.

Suggested Citation

  • Milica Jovanović & Gordana Savić & Yuzhuo Cai & Maja Levi-Jakšić, 2022. "Towards a Triple Helix based efficiency index of innovation systems," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 127(5), pages 2577-2609, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:scient:v:127:y:2022:i:5:d:10.1007_s11192-022-04304-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s11192-022-04304-x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11192-022-04304-x
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11192-022-04304-x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lebas, Michel J., 1995. "Performance measurement and performance management," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(1-3), pages 23-35, October.
    2. Etzkowitz, Henry & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2000. "The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and "Mode 2" to a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 109-123, February.
    3. Weiwei Ye & Yan Wang, 2019. "Exploring the Triple Helix Synergy in Chinese National System of Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-17, November.
    4. Per Andersen & Niels Christian Petersen, 1993. "A Procedure for Ranking Efficient Units in Data Envelopment Analysis," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 39(10), pages 1261-1264, October.
    5. George E. Halkos & Nickolaos G. Tzeremes & Stavros A. Kourtzidis, 2016. "Measuring Sustainability Efficiency Using a Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis Approach," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 20(5), pages 1159-1175, October.
    6. Leydesdorff, Loet & Fritsch, Michael, 2006. "Measuring the knowledge base of regional innovation systems in Germany in terms of a Triple Helix dynamics," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 1538-1553, December.
    7. Magdalena Ziolo & Sandra Jednak & Gordana Savić & Dragana Kragulj, 2020. "Link between Energy Efficiency and Sustainable Economic and Financial Development in OECD Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-28, November.
    8. Joseph C. Paradi & H. David Sherman & Fai Keung Tam, 2018. "DEA Models Overview," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Data Envelopment Analysis in the Financial Services Industry, chapter 0, pages 3-39, Springer.
    9. Pankaj Dutta & Aayush Jain & Asish Gupta, 2020. "Performance analysis of non-banking finance companies using two-stage data envelopment analysis," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 295(1), pages 91-116, December.
    10. Loet Leydesdorff, 2012. "The Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix, …, and an N-Tuple of Helices: Explanatory Models for Analyzing the Knowledge-Based Economy?," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 3(1), pages 25-35, March.
    11. Huan Xu & Fangtao Liu, 2017. "Measuring the Efficiency of Education and Technology via DEA approach: Implications on National Development," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-13, November.
    12. Charnes, A. & Cooper, W. W. & Rhodes, E., 1978. "Measuring the efficiency of decision making units," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 2(6), pages 429-444, November.
    13. Leydesdorff, Loet & Dolfsma, Wilfred & Van der Panne, Gerben, 2006. "Measuring the knowledge base of an economy in terms of triple-helix relations among 'technology, organization, and territory'," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 181-199, March.
    14. L Cherchye & W Moesen & N Rogge & T Van Puyenbroeck & M Saisana & A Saltelli & R Liska & S Tarantola, 2008. "Creating composite indicators with DEA and robustness analysis: the case of the Technology Achievement Index," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 59(2), pages 239-251, February.
    15. Loet Leydesdorff & Yuan Sun, 2009. "National and international dimensions of the Triple Helix in Japan: University–industry–government versus international coauthorship relations," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 60(4), pages 778-788, April.
    16. T Randolph Beard & George S Ford & Thomas M Koutsky & Lawrence J Spiwak, 2009. "A Valley of Death in the innovation sequence: an economic investigation," Research Evaluation, Oxford University Press, vol. 18(5), pages 343-356, December.
    17. Carlos Rodrigues & Ana Melo, 2012. "The Triple Helix Model as an Instrument of Local Response to the Economic Crisis," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(9), pages 1483-1496, July.
    18. Hernández-Trasobares, Alejandro & Murillo-Luna, Josefina L., 2020. "The effect of triple helix cooperation on business innovation: The case of Spain," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    19. Volkan Recai Cetin & Serdal Bahce, 2016. "Measuring the efficiency of health systems of OECD countries by data envelopment analysis," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(37), pages 3497-3507, August.
    20. Antonio Afonso & Ludger Schuknecht & Vito Tanzi, 2010. "Public sector efficiency: evidence for new EU member states and emerging markets," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(17), pages 2147-2164.
    21. Loet Leydesdorff, 2003. "The mutual information of university-industry-government relations: An indicator of the Triple Helix dynamics," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 58(2), pages 445-467, October.
    22. Altaf Hussain Samo & Noor Ul Huda, 2019. "Triple Helix and academic entrepreneurial intention: understanding motivating factors for academic spin-off among young researchers," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, December.
    23. Joseph C. Paradi & H. David Sherman & Fai Keung Tam, 2018. "Data Envelopment Analysis in the Financial Services Industry," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, number 978-3-319-69725-3, April.
    24. Park, Han Woo & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2010. "Longitudinal trends in networks of university-industry-government relations in South Korea: The role of programmatic incentives," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 640-649, June.
    25. Tijssen, Robert J.W., 2006. "Universities and industrially relevant science: Towards measurement models and indicators of entrepreneurial orientation," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 1569-1585, December.
    26. Song, Ma-Lin & Zhang, Lin-Ling & Liu, Wei & Fisher, Ron, 2013. "Bootstrap-DEA analysis of BRICS’ energy efficiency based on small sample data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 1049-1055.
    27. Martin Meyer & Tatiana Siniläinen & Jan Timm Utecht, 2003. "Towards hybrid Triple Helix indicators: A study of university-related patents and a survey of academic inventors," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 58(2), pages 321-350, October.
    28. Markku Anttonen & Minna Lammi & Juri Mykkänen & Petteri Repo, 2018. "Circular Economy in the Triple Helix of Innovation Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-14, July.
    29. Leydesdorff, Loet & Meyer, Martin, 2006. "Triple Helix indicators of knowledge-based innovation systems: Introduction to the special issue," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 1441-1449, December.
    30. Cai, Yuezhou, 2011. "Factors affecting the efficiency of the BRICSs' national innovation systems: A comparative study based on DEA and Panel Data Analysis," Economics Discussion Papers 2011-52, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    31. Livia Baciu & Alina Botezat, 2014. "A Comparative Analysis of the Public Spending Efficiency of the New EU Member States: A DEA Approach," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(S4), pages 31-46.
    32. Nuri Ozgur DOGAN & Can Tansel TUGCU, 2015. "Energy Efficiency in Electricity Production: A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Approach for the G-20 Countries," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 5(1), pages 246-252.
    33. Baldini, Nicola, 2009. "Implementing Bayh-Dole-like laws: Faculty problems and their impact on university patenting activity," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(8), pages 1217-1224, October.
    34. Riccardo Fini & Kun Fu & Marius Tuft Mathisen & Einar Rasmussen & Mike Wright, 2017. "Institutional determinants of university spin-off quantity and quality: a longitudinal, multilevel, cross-country study," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 48(2), pages 361-391, February.
    35. Guo, Xiaoying & Lu, Ching-Cheng & Lee, Jen-Hui & Chiu, Yung-Ho, 2017. "Applying the dynamic DEA model to evaluate the energy efficiency of OECD countries and China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 392-399.
    36. Ouyang, Wendi & Yang, Jian-bo, 2020. "The network energy and environment efficiency analysis of 27 OECD countries: A multiplicative network DEA model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    37. Gisele Msann & Wadad Saad, 2020. "Assessment of public sector performance in the MENA region: data envelopment approach," International Review of Public Administration, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(1), pages 1-21, January.
    38. Loet Leydesdorff & Evgeniy Perevodchikov & Alexander Uvarov, 2015. "Measuring triple-helix synergy in the Russian innovation systems at regional, provincial, and national levels," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 66(6), pages 1229-1238, June.
    39. Dosi, Giovanni & Llerena, Patrick & Labini, Mauro Sylos, 2006. "The relationships between science, technologies and their industrial exploitation: An illustration through the myths and realities of the so-called `European Paradox'," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(10), pages 1450-1464, December.
    40. Inga Ivanova & Øivind Strand & Loet Leydesdorff, 2019. "An Eco-Systems Approach To Constructing Economic Complexity Measures: Endogenization Of The Technological Dimension Using Lotka–Volterra Equations," Advances in Complex Systems (ACS), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(01), pages 1-21, February.
    41. Wipo, 2016. "Global Innovation Index 2016," WIPO Economics & Statistics Series, World Intellectual Property Organization - Economics and Statistics Division, number 2016:gii, April.
    42. Azley Abd Razak & Gareth R.T. White, 2015. "The Triple Helix model for innovation: a holistic exploration of barriers and enablers," International Journal of Business Performance and Supply Chain Modelling, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 7(3), pages 278-291.
    43. Valérie Vierstraete, 2012. "Efficiency in human Development: a Data Envelopment Analysis Efficiency in human Development: a Data Envelopment Analysis," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), vol. 9(3), pages 425-443, December.
    44. Martin Meyer & Kevin Grant & Piera Morlacchi & Dagmara Weckowska, 2014. "Triple Helix indicators as an emergent area of enquiry: a bibliometric perspective," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(1), pages 151-174, April.
    45. Argyropoulou, Maria & Soderquist, Klas Eric & Ioannou, George, 2019. "Getting out of the European Paradox trap: Making European research agile and challenge driven," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 1-5.
    46. William W. Cooper & Lawrence M. Seiford & Kaoru Tone, 2007. "Data Envelopment Analysis," Springer Books, Springer, edition 0, number 978-0-387-45283-8, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rabelo Neto, José & Figueiredo, Claudia & Gabriel, Bárbara Coelho & Valente, Robertt, 2024. "Factors for innovation ecosystem frameworks: Comprehensive organizational aspects for evolution," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Weimin Kang & Shuliang Zhao & Wei Song & Tao Zhuang, 2019. "Triple helix in the science and technology innovation centers of China from the perspective of mutual information: a comparative study between Beijing and Shanghai," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 118(3), pages 921-940, March.
    2. Noriko Yoda & Kenichi Kuwashima, 2020. "Triple Helix of University–Industry–Government Relations in Japan: Transitions of Collaborations and Interactions," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 11(3), pages 1120-1144, September.
    3. Martin Meyer & Kevin Grant & Piera Morlacchi & Dagmara Weckowska, 2014. "Triple Helix indicators as an emergent area of enquiry: a bibliometric perspective," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(1), pages 151-174, April.
    4. Loet Leydesdorff & Han Woo Park & Balazs Lengyel, 2014. "A routine for measuring synergy in university–industry–government relations: mutual information as a Triple-Helix and Quadruple-Helix indicator," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(1), pages 27-35, April.
    5. Porto-Gomez, Igone & Zabala-Iturriagagoitia, Jon Mikel & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2019. "Innovation systems in México: A matter of missing synergies," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    6. Li, Yin & Arora, Sanjay & Youtie, Jan & Shapira, Philip, 2018. "Using web mining to explore Triple Helix influences on growth in small and mid-size firms," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 76, pages 3-14.
    7. Lee, Young Hoon & Kim, YoungJun, 2016. "Analyzing interaction in R&D networks using the Triple Helix method: Evidence from industrial R&D programs in Korean government," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 93-105.
    8. Farshad Momeni & Ali Arab Mazar Yazdi & Seyed Mohammad Sajjad Najafi, 2019. "Changing economic systems and institutional dimensions of the Triple Helix model," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
    9. Md. Dulal Hossain & Junghoon Moon & Hyoung Goo Kang & Sung Chul Lee & Young Chan Choe, 2012. "Mapping the dynamics of knowledge base of innovations of R&D in Bangladesh: triple helix perspective," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 90(1), pages 57-83, January.
    10. Pieter Stek & Marina Geenhuizen, 2015. "Measuring the dynamics of an innovation system using patent data: a case study of South Korea, 2001–2010," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 49(4), pages 1325-1343, July.
    11. Zhang, Yi & Chen, Kaihua & Fu, Xiaolan, 2019. "Scientific effects of Triple Helix interactions among research institutes, industries and universities," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 86, pages 33-47.
    12. Lengyel, Balázs & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2015. "The Effects of FDI on Innovation Systems in Hungarian Regions: Where is the Synergy Generated?," MPRA Paper 73945, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Loet Leydesdorff & Ping Zhou, 2014. "Measuring the knowledge-based economy of China in terms of synergy among technological, organizational, and geographic attributes of firms," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 98(3), pages 1703-1719, March.
    14. Hernández-Trasobares, Alejandro & Murillo-Luna, Josefina L., 2020. "The effect of triple helix cooperation on business innovation: The case of Spain," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    15. Ssu-Han Chen & Mu-Hsuan Huang & Dar-Zen Chen, 2013. "Driving factors of external funding and funding effects on academic innovation performance in university–industry–government linkages," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 94(3), pages 1077-1098, March.
    16. Igors Skute & Kasia Zalewska-Kurek & Isabella Hatak & Petra Weerd-Nederhof, 2019. "Mapping the field: a bibliometric analysis of the literature on university–industry collaborations," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 44(3), pages 916-947, June.
    17. Thai Thi Minh & Carsten Nico Hjotrsø, 2015. "Relational dynamics in the multi-helices knowledge production system: A new institutionalism perspective," Globelics Working Paper Series 2015-08, Globelics - Global Network for Economics of Learning, Innovation, and Competence Building Systems, Aalborg University, Department of Business and Management.
    18. Mêgnigbêto, Eustache, 2018. "Modelling the Triple Helix of university-industry-government relationships with game theory: Core, Shapley value and nucleolus as indicators of synergy within an innovation system," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 12(4), pages 1118-1132.
    19. repec:hig:wpaper:98sti2019 is not listed on IDEAS
    20. Park, Han Woo & Leydesdorff, Loet, 2010. "Longitudinal trends in networks of university-industry-government relations in South Korea: The role of programmatic incentives," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 640-649, June.
    21. Valbona Gjini & Lucian Koprencka, 2018. "Relationship Between Economic Factors and Non-Performing Loans- the Case of Albania," European Journal of Economics and Business Studies Articles, Revistia Research and Publishing, vol. 4, ejes_v4_i.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Triple Helix; Data envelopment analysis; European innovation paradox; Efficiency; Performance measures; OECD;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O38 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Government Policy
    • C44 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Operations Research; Statistical Decision Theory

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:scient:v:127:y:2022:i:5:d:10.1007_s11192-022-04304-x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.