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Earnings Inequality Among Aboriginal Groups in Canada

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  • Danielle Lamb

Abstract

Data from the 2006 master file of the Canadian census is used to estimate the earnings differentials between non-Aboriginal persons and various groups of Aboriginal persons both on-reserve and off-reserve and throughout the earnings distribution. Generalizations that emerge include: an earnings disadvantage prevails across all Aboriginal groups; it is larger the greater the degree of “Aboriginal identity” (and where discrimination is most likely); more than half of the gap is “explained” by Aboriginal persons having lower endowments of pay determining characteristics (especially the younger age of the Aboriginal workforce, their lower levels of education and their working in lower-paying occupations); these patterns tend to prevail throughout the earnings distribution; the relative importance of endowments tends to increase as one moves up the earnings distribution; reductions in the earnings gap over time are more prominent at the higher ends of the earnings distribution and increases at the bottom especially for the on-reserve population. Policy implications are discussed, with an emphasis on the role of education. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Danielle Lamb, 2013. "Earnings Inequality Among Aboriginal Groups in Canada," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 34(2), pages 224-240, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jlabre:v:34:y:2013:i:2:p:224-240
    DOI: 10.1007/s12122-013-9158-0
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    Cited by:

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    2. Feir, Donn. L. & Foley, Kelly & Jones, Maggie E. C., 2022. "Heterogeneous Returns to Active Labour Market Programs for Indigenous Populations," IZA Discussion Papers 15358, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Bacic, Ryan & Zheng, Angela, 2023. "Race and the income-achievement gap," CLEF Working Paper Series 55, Canadian Labour Economics Forum (CLEF), University of Waterloo.
    4. Krishna Pendakur & Ravi Pendakur, 2018. "The Effects of Modern Treaties and Opt-In Legislation on Household Incomes in Aboriginal Communities," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 137(1), pages 139-165, May.
    5. Don Drummond & Evan Capeluck & Matthew Calver, 2015. "The Key Challenge for Canadian Public Policy: Generating Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth," CSLS Research Reports 2015-11, Centre for the Study of Living Standards.
    6. Susanne Thiessen, 2023. "Engaging First Nations People at Work: The Influence of Culture and Context," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-29, August.

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