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COVID-19 and output in Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Daisuke Fujii

    (University of Tokyo
    RIETI (Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry))

  • Taisuke Nakata

    (University of Tokyo)

Abstract

We build a tractable SIR-macro-model with time-varying parameters and use it to explore various policy questions such as when to lift the state of emergency (SOE). An earlier departure from the SOE results in smaller output loss and more deaths in the short run. However, if the SOE is lifted too early, the number of new cases will surge and another SOE may need to be issued in the future, possibly resulting in both larger output loss and more deaths. That is, the tradeoff between output and infection that exists in the short run does not necessarily exist in the long run. Our model-based analysis—updated weekly since January 2021, frequently reported by media, and presented to policymakers on many occasions—has played a unique role in the policy response to the COVID-19 crisis in Japan.

Suggested Citation

  • Daisuke Fujii & Taisuke Nakata, 2021. "COVID-19 and output in Japan," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 72(4), pages 609-650, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jecrev:v:72:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1007_s42973-021-00098-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s42973-021-00098-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    11. So Kubota, 2021. "The macroeconomics of COVID-19 exit strategy: the case of Japan," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 72(4), pages 651-682, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shibamoto, Masahiko & Hayaki, Shoka & Ogisu, Yoshitaka, 2022. "COVID-19 infection spread and human mobility," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    2. Masuhara, Hiroaki & Hosoya, Kei, 2022. "Convergent movement of COVID-19 outbreak in Japan based on SIR model," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 29-43.
    3. Higo, Masahiro & Shiratsuka, Shigenori, 2023. "Consumer price measurement under the first wave of the COVID-19 spread in Japan: Scanner data evidence for retailers in Tokyo," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    4. Masashige Hamano & Munechika Katayama, 2021. "Epidemics and Macroeconomic Dynamics," Working Papers e162, Tokyo Center for Economic Research.
    5. INOUE Tomoo & OKIMOTO Tatsuyoshi, 2022. "Exploring the Dynamic Relationship between Mobility and the Spread of COVID-19, and the Role of Vaccines," Discussion papers 22011, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    6. Hajime Tomura, 2021. "Household Expenditures and the Effective Reproduction Number in Japan: Regression Analysis," Working Papers 2107-1, Waseda University, Faculty of Political Science and Economics.
    7. MASUHARA Hiroaki & HOSOYA Kei, 2022. "What Impacts Do Human Mobility and Vaccination Have on Trends in COVID-19 Infections? Evidence from four developed countries," Discussion papers 22087, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    8. MORIKAWA Masayuki, 2022. "Productivity Dynamics of Work from Home since the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a panel of firm surveys," Discussion papers 22061, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    9. So Kubota, 2021. "The macroeconomics of COVID-19 exit strategy: the case of Japan," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 72(4), pages 651-682, October.
    10. Daisuke Fujii & Taisuke Nakata & Takeshi Ojima, 2022. "Heterogeneous Risk Attitudes and Waves of Infection," CARF F-Series CARF-F-546, Center for Advanced Research in Finance, Faculty of Economics, The University of Tokyo.
    11. Masahiro Higo & Shigenori Shiratsuka, 2022. "Was Inflation Observed under the First Wave of the COVID-19 Spread in Japan? Scanner Data Evidence for Retailers in Tokyo," Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series 2022-013, Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University.
    12. Esaka, Taro & Fujii, Takao, 2022. "Quantifying the impact of the Tokyo Olympics on COVID-19 cases using synthetic control methods," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    COVID-19; Japan; SIR model; Epidemiological model; Vaccines; State of emergency; Variants;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E17 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E70 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - General
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

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