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Short and Long Run Asymmetric Effects of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Economic Activity in the U.S

Author

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  • Aye, Goodness C.

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa)

Abstract

This paper extends the ongoing literature on the macroeconomic effects of monetary and fiscal policy uncertainty. It examined the asymmetric effects of monetary and fiscal policy uncertainty on economic activity in the short and long run using U.S. monthly data from 1985M1 to 2017M2. The industrial production index is used as a measure of economic activity while the Baker et al. (2016) news based monetary and fiscal policy uncertainty were used as measures of uncertainty. To analyse asymmetry, the paper employed the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model which allows one not only to capture the effects of positive and negative uncertainty but to do so in both short and long run. Hence this paper provides new evidence of possible existence of a nonlinear and asymmetric relationship between policy uncertainty and economic activity in the short and long run. The results show that monetary and fiscal policy uncertainty share long run relationship with economic activity. Further, the effect of monetary and fiscal policy uncertainties in the long run is asymmetric. Asymmetric effect in the short run was supported only for monetary policy uncertainty. These findings have important practical and policy implications. Gli effetti asimmetrici sul breve e lungo periodo dell’incertezza della politica monetaria e fiscale sull’attività economica negli USA In questo articolo vengono esaminati gli effetti dell'incertezza della politica monetaria sull’attività economica degli Stati Uniti tramite l’utilizzo di dati mensili relativi al periodo 1985-2017. L’indice della produzione industriale è stato usato come misura dell’attività economica, mentre per misurare l’incertezza è stato fatto riferimento al lavoro di Baker et al. (2016). Per misurare l’asimmetria è stato applicato il modello NARDL (Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag) che consente di catturare gli effetti positivi e negativi dell’incertezza sia nel breve che nel lungo periodo. Quindi in questo articolo vi è una nuova evidenza di una possibile relazione nonlineare e asimmetrica tra l’incertezza politica e l’attività economica nel breve e lungo periodo. I risultati evidenziano che l’incertezza nella politica monetaria e fiscale condivide una relazione di lungo periodo con l’attività economica. Inoltre, gli effetti dell’incertezza nella politica monetaria e fiscale nel lungo periodo sono asimmetrici. Nel breve periodo invece, effetti asimmetrici si verificano quando vi è incertezza solo nella politica monetaria. Questi risultati hanno importanti implicazioni pratiche e politiche.

Suggested Citation

  • Aye, Goodness C., 2021. "Short and Long Run Asymmetric Effects of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Uncertainty on Economic Activity in the U.S," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 74(1), pages 83-96.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:ecoint:0889
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Monetary Policy; Fiscal Policy; Uncertainty; Asymmetry; Nonlinearity; Short Run; Long Run;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • F62 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Macroeconomic Impacts

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