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Une évaluation du rôle des déterminants du partage de la valeur ajoutée

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  • Bernard Philippe
  • Stéphane Mussard

Abstract

[eng] In the second half of the period 1961-2000, the unemployment rate trended down in the United States and the United Kingdom, and trended up steadily in Germany, France, and Italy. Can we explain this divergence by assuming that the impact of wage demands on the value-added breakdown was more restrained in the U.S. and U.K. than in the three continental European economies ? To answer this question, we use the Shapley value function. It enables us to measure – for each of the five economies – the contributions of the growth rates of real wages and unit labor costs during the period 1981-2000 to the formation of (1) growth rates of margin ratios, (2) changes in margin ratios, and (3) changes in gross operating surpluses. With a single exception, those contributions – which are obviously negative – prove to be weaker in the U.S. and U.K. than in the three continental European economies. [fre] En tendance, durant la seconde partie de la période 1961/2000, le taux de chômage reflue aux États-Unis et au Royaume-Uni, il continue à croître en Allemagne , en France et en Italie. Est-il possible d’expliquer cette divergence d’évolution en supposant que les effets de la revendication salariale sur le partage de la valeur ajoutée ont été mieux maîtrisés dans les deux économies anglo-saxonnes que dans les trois économies continentales ? Pour répondre à cette question nous utilisons la fonction valeur de Shapley. Grâce à elle nous parvenons à évaluer, pour chacune des cinq économies, la contribution des valeurs qui ont été prises, au cours de la période 1981/2000, par les taux de croissance des salaires réels et les coûts salariaux unitaires à la formation des taux de croissance des taux de marge, à celle des variations des taux de marge et à celle des excédents bruts d’exploitation. Or, les valeurs de ces contributions, qui sont évidemment négatives, sont, sauf dans un cas, plus faibles dans les économies anglo-saxonnes que dans les économies continentales.

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  • Bernard Philippe & Stéphane Mussard, 2010. "Une évaluation du rôle des déterminants du partage de la valeur ajoutée," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 192(1), pages 99-119.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2010_num_192_1_8025
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2010.8025
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2010.8025
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    1. FOUARGE Didier & MUFFELS Ruud & PAVLOPOULOS Dimitris & VERMUNT Jeroen K., 2007. "Who benefits from a job change: The dwarfs or the giants?," IRISS Working Paper Series 2007-16, IRISS at CEPS/INSTEAD.
    2. Lorenzo Corsini, 2012. "Institutions, Technological Change and Wage Differentials between Skilled and Unskilled Workers: Theory and Evidence from Europe," Research in Labor Economics, in: Research in Labor Economics, pages 1-33, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    3. MARTIN Ludivine, 2007. "The impact of technological changes on incentives and motivations to work hard," IRISS Working Paper Series 2007-15, IRISS at CEPS/INSTEAD.
    4. Bernard Philippe & Stéphane Mussard, 2010. "Une évaluation du rôle des déterminants du partage de la valeur ajoutée," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 192(1), pages 99-119.
    5. PREJMEREAN Mihaela Cornelia & VASILACHE Simona, 2008. "What's a univesity worth? Changes in the lifestyle and status of post-2000 European Graduates," IRISS Working Paper Series 05, IRISS at CEPS/INSTEAD.
    6. LILLA Marco, 2007. "Income Inequality and Education Premia," IRISS Working Paper Series 2007-11, IRISS at CEPS/INSTEAD.
    7. Prejmerean, Mihaela Cornelia & Vasilache, Simona, 2008. "What's a university worth? Changes in the lifestyle and status of post-2000 European Graduates," IRISS Working Paper Series 2008-05, IRISS at CEPS/INSTEAD.

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    JEL classification:

    • C39 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Other
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • E25 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution

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