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Une Europe monétaire à plusieurs vitesses ? La demande de monnaie dans les grands pays de la zone euro (1979-1999)

Author

Listed:
  • Christian Bordes
  • Hélène Chevrou-Séverac
  • Vêlayoudom Marimoutou

Abstract

[fre] L'article porte sur la demande de monnaie -mesurée au moyen d'agrégats larges -dans les quatre grands pays de la zone euro (Allemagne, Espagne, France et Italie) sur la période 1979-1999. Il cherche à répondre, en priorité, aux deux questions suivantes. 1/ Peut-on mettre en évidence, dans chacun de ces pays, des comportements de demande de monnaie stables à long terme et à court terme ? 2/ Si c'est le cas, ces comportements présentent-ils des similitudes ou observe-t-on, d'un pays à l'autre, des différences significatives dans les valeurs des coefficients de la demande de monnaie ? En outre, il aborde la question, beaucoup plus générale, de l'existence ou non d'un retour à la " normale" du côté de la demande de monnaie après une période troublée par les innovations financières. Une modélisation identique est retenue pour tous les pays, à savoir un Modèle Vectoriel à Correction d'Erreur (MVCE). On débouche sur deux séries de conclusions : 1° On observe des différences importantes dans les comportements de demande de monnaie entre les grands pays de la zone euro ; on peut opposer l'Allemagne et la France -où la demande de monnaie apparaît stable -à l'Espagne et l'Italie -où elle ne l''est pas. 2° Plus généralement, l'hypothèse d'un retour à la normale – c’est-à-dire à la stabilité -du côté de la demande de monnaie est confortée ; toutefois, sa dynamique de court terme reste difficile à expliquer. [eng] The paper analyses the demand for money -measured by broad aggregates -in the four main euro-area countries (France, Germany, Italy and Spain) between 1979 and 1999. Two main questions are explored : 1) Is the demand-for-money function empirically stable in each country in the long and short term ? 2) If so, are its coefficients similar in each country or are there significant differences ? More generally the paper deals with the question of whether there has been a " return to normal" by demand for money after a period of instability due to financial innovation. The same VAR error correction model has been used for all countries. The main conclusions are : 1) There is evidence of significant differences in the demand-for-money function between the four main euro-area countries with, on the one hand, France and Germany -where the function is stable -and, on the other, Italy and Spain -where it is not ; 2) More generally there is strong evidence supporting the assumption of a return to normal (i. e. stability) by the demand for money ; however, its short-term dynamics are difficult to explain.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Bordes & Hélène Chevrou-Séverac & Vêlayoudom Marimoutou, 2001. "Une Europe monétaire à plusieurs vitesses ? La demande de monnaie dans les grands pays de la zone euro (1979-1999)," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 147(1), pages 51-71.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2001_num_147_1_6214
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2001.6214
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2001.6214
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Stéphane Guéné, 2001. "Agrégats et politique monétaires dans la zone euro," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 147(1), pages 187-201.
    2. Lecarpentier-Moyal, Sylvie & Renou-Maissant, Patricia, 2007. "Analyse dynamique de la convergence des comportements de demande de monnaie en Europe," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 83(3), pages 321-357, septembre.
    3. Sylvie Lecarpentier-Moyal & Patricia Renou-Maissant, 2007. "Analyse dynamique de la convergence des comportements de demande de monnaie en Europe," Post-Print halshs-00256488, HAL.

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