Technology diffusion considering technological progress and multiple policy combinations based on evolutionary game theory

Technology is affected and restricted by many factors, from research and development to market promotion. The efficient large-scale promotion of innovative technologies has always been an important issue in the industry. This study comprehensively considers the impact of the consumer market, government intervention policies, and technological progress on technology diffusion and establishes a network evolution game model based on complex networks for the diffusion of innovative technologies in enterprises. Considering the heterogeneity of enterprises, a numerical simulation was conducted on a scale-free network and the influence mechanism of market consumption preference, carbon tax, subsidy, penalty intensity, penalty accuracy, penalty coverage, and technological progress on the diffusion of innovative technology is studied. The influence of the network size and structure on technology diffusion is also discussed. The results show that market preference promotes technology diffusion and that consumer demand for low-carbon products will become the driving force for the application of innovative technologies. The implementation of various policy interventions, including carbon taxes, subsidies, and penalties, will be more conducive to the diffusion of innovative technologies. However, simply increasing the intensity of penalties will significantly reduce the average income of enterprises, which is not conducive to stable economic development. Therefore, the accuracy of punishment can be improved by increasing the coverage of penalties. In addition, the stability of technological progress is crucial for enterprise development. Stable technological progress can provide a stable environment for the application and diffusion of innovative technologies and help to reduce the risks and costs of enterprises adopting new technologies.