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Identity in Franchise Systems: The Role of Franchisee Associations

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  • Lawrence, Benjamin
  • Kaufmann, Patrick J.

Abstract

Utilizing theories of identity this article presents findings from a qualitative study regarding the significant role independent franchisee associations play within franchise systems. The data reveal that successful franchisee associations help manage the inherent tension that exists between cooperation and conflict in franchise relationships. A distinctive adaptive organizational identity provides an association the capability necessary to reframe its relationship with the franchisor as either combative or cooperative in response to changes in a franchisor's identity. Challenging the views of both franchisor stability and the dyadic form that franchisee–franchisor relationships assume, behavioral insight is provided into the actual functioning of franchise systems and new avenues are suggested for theory building in franchising.

Suggested Citation

  • Lawrence, Benjamin & Kaufmann, Patrick J., 2011. "Identity in Franchise Systems: The Role of Franchisee Associations," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 87(3), pages 285-305.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jouret:v:87:y:2011:i:3:p:285-305
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2010.11.003
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    Cited by:

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    2. Melih Madanoglu, 2018. "Theories of economic and social exchange in entrepreneurial partnerships: an agenda for future research," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 649-656, September.
    3. Dubey, Vivek K. & Matthes, Joseph M. & Saini, Amit, 2023. "Impact of socioeconomic values collaboration on performance in franchising," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    4. Grace, Debra & Weaven, Scott & Frazer, Lorelle & Giddings, Jeff, 2013. "Examining the Role of Franchisee Normative Expectations in Relationship Evaluation," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 89(2), pages 219-230.
    5. Grünhagen, Marko & Zheng, Xu (Vivian) & Wang, Jeff Jianfeng, 2017. "When the Music Stops Playing: Post-litigation Relationship Dissolution in Franchising," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 93(2), pages 138-153.
    6. Badrinarayanan, Vishag & Suh, Taewon & Kim, Kyung-Min, 2016. "Brand resonance in franchising relationships: A franchisee-based perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 3943-3950.
    7. Benjamin Lawrence & Jie J. Zhang & Liwu Hsu & Sarah Zheng, 2021. "Return on Investments in Hotel Franchising: Understanding Moderating Effects of Franchisee Dependence," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 30(8), pages 2420-2440, August.
    8. Alessandro Giudici & James G. Combs & Benedetto Lorenzo Cannatelli & Brett R. Smith, 2020. "Successful Scaling in Social Franchising: The Case of Impact Hub," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 44(2), pages 288-314, March.
    9. Watson, Anna & Dada, Olufunmilola (Lola) & Grünhagen, Marko & Wollan, Melody L., 2016. "When do franchisors select entrepreneurial franchisees? An organizational identity perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(12), pages 5934-5945.
    10. James G. Combs & David J. Ketchen Jr & Jeremy C. Short, 2011. "Franchising Research: Major Milestones, New Directions, and its Future within Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(3), pages 413-425, May.
    11. Nyadzayo, Munyaradzi W. & Matanda, Margaret J. & Ewing, Michael T., 2015. "The impact of franchisor support, brand commitment, brand citizenship behavior, and franchisee experience on franchisee-perceived brand image," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(9), pages 1886-1894.
    12. Karim Mignonac & Christian Vandenberghe & Rozenn Perrigot & Assâad El Akremi & Olivier Herrbach, 2015. "A Multi–Study Investigation of Outcomes of Franchisees’ Affective Commitment to Their Franchise Organization," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(3), pages 461-488, May.
    13. Gillis, William E. & Combs, James G. & Yin, Xiaoli, 2020. "Franchise management capabilities and franchisor performance under alternative franchise ownership strategies," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(1).

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