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Plural form franchise networks: A test of Bradach’s model

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  • Cliquet, Gérard
  • Pénard, Thierry

Abstract

This paper focuses on plural form organizations within franchise networks. Plural form can be defined as the simultaneous presence of both franchised and company-owned outlets in the same network. Bradach (1998) developed a model composed of four challenges that a franchisor should meet in order to benefit from plural form organization. The aim of the present article is to test the predictions of the Bradach’s model of plural form networks. A conceptual model regarding the determinants of the proportion of company-owned outlets (PCO) is estimated with data from French franchise networks. We show that the statutory choices are actually driven by the four challenges highlighted by Bradach, namely the challenges of expansion, concept uniformity, local responsiveness, and network-wide adaptation.

Suggested Citation

  • Cliquet, Gérard & Pénard, Thierry, 2012. "Plural form franchise networks: A test of Bradach’s model," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 159-167.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:joreco:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:159-167
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2011.11.005
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    Cited by:

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    2. Maryse J. Brand & Evelien P. M. Croonen & Roger T. A. J. Leenders, 2018. "Entrepreneurial networking: a blessing or a curse? Differential effects for low, medium and high performing franchisees," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 783-805, April.
    3. Dildar Hussain & Marijana Sreckovic & Josef Windsperger, 2018. "An organizational capability perspective on multi-unit franchising," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 717-727, April.
    4. Shockley, Jeff & Turner, Tobin, 2016. "A relational performance model for developing innovation and long-term orientation in retail franchise organizations," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 175-188.
    5. Lanchimba, Cintya & Welsh, Dianne H.B. & Fadairo, Muriel & Silva, Vivian-Lara D.S., 2021. "The impact of franchisor signaling on entrepreneurship in emerging markets," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 337-348.
    6. Kacker, Manish & Perrigot, Rozenn, 2016. "Retailer use of a professional social media network: Insights from franchising," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 222-233.
    7. Muriel Fadairo & Cintya Lanchimba, 2014. "Organizational choices and performance in distribution systems," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(14), pages 1609-1623, May.

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