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The distributional impacts of transportation networks in China

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  • Ma, Lin
  • Tang, Yang

Abstract

We document that the quality of roads and railroads vary substantially over time and space in China, and neglecting these variations biases the distributional impacts of transportation networks. To account for quality differences, we construct a new panel dataset and approximate quality using the design speed of roads and railroads that varies by vintage, class, and terrain at the pixel level. We then build a dynamic spatial general equilibrium model for multiple modes, transportation routes, and forward-looking migration decisions. Our findings demonstrate that disregarding quality differences leads to a median bias of approximately 31% in estimating real wage growth rates at the prefecture level. Moreover, this bias is non-random and correlates with the initial conditions of the prefectures, resulting in significant errors when predicting the distributional effects of transportation networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Ma, Lin & Tang, Yang, 2024. "The distributional impacts of transportation networks in China," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:inecon:v:148:y:2024:i:c:s0022199623001599
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2023.103873
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    Keywords

    Regional trade; Migration; Welfare; Economic geography;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F4 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity

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