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The Environmental Kuznets Curve and Renewable Energy Consumption: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Haider Mahmood

    (Department of Finance, College of Business Administration, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 173 Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia,)

  • Muhammad Shahid Hassan

    (Department of Economics and Statistics, Dr. Hassan Murad School of Management, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan,)

  • Soumen Rej

    (University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, India)

  • Maham Furqan

    (School of Public Policy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA)

Abstract

Renewable Energy Consumption (REC) would reduce pollution and a large pool of literature has probed the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) including REC in a panel or a country-specific model. The present study reviewed 69 empirical studies and found that 57 out of 69 studies validated the EKC but 12 studies did not confirm the EKC. Out of these, 64 studies found that REC reduced emissions. In the country-specific analyses, 18 out of 25 studies validated the EKC and 24 out of 25 studies substantiated that REC reduced emissions. In the panel studies, 39 out of 44 studies validated the EKC and 40 out of 44 studies found that REC reduced emissions. Comparatively, panel studies reported more evidence of the EKC compared to country-specific studies. However, country-specific studies reported more evidence of the positive environmental effect of REC. The results of logistic regression show that the chance of the validity of the EKC is 4.82 times more in the studies if REC reduced emissions in a model. Thus, future studies on EKC testing should include REC in the model. In comparison, panel studies carry more chance of confirmation of the EKC than country-specific studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Haider Mahmood & Muhammad Shahid Hassan & Soumen Rej & Maham Furqan, 2023. "The Environmental Kuznets Curve and Renewable Energy Consumption: A Review," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(3), pages 279-291, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2023-03-33
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    Keywords

    Renewable Energy Consumption; The Environmental Kuznets Curve; The Panel Studies; Country-Specific Studies;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O44 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Environment and Growth
    • P18 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Energy; Environment
    • Q20 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - General

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