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Etnia y rendimiento académico en Colombia

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  • Andrés Sanchez - Jabba

Abstract

Resumen: En Colombia, los estudiantes pertenecientes a una etnia presentan un rendimiento inferior alde sus pares no étnicos en pruebas académicas estandarizadas, en las áreas de matemáticas y lenguaje. Dicha brecha es persistente a nivel departamental, especialmente entre los departamentosdonde reside un alto porcentaje de población etnica. Con base en los resultados de la prueba SABER 11, este estudio analiza la brecha entre el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes étnicos y los no étnicos, y la descompone en factores relacionados con las características observables, como: familia y colegio; así como factores no observables. Se utiliza la metodología de Blinder y Oaxaca, extendida al análisis de regresiones por cuantiles. Los resultados indican que en los departamentos donde la brecha académica es estadísticamente significativa, la mayor parte es atribuible a factores no observables. Sin embargo, para distintos niveles de desempeno académico, el comportamiento de la misma y sus factores explicativos son diversos.Abstract:In Colombia, students from an ethnic group have a lower academic achievement with respect to their non-ethnic peers in standardized test scores on math and language. This gap is persistent at a state level, especially in high ethnic density states. Using information from the state academic test (SABER 11), this study corroborates the existence of an academic gap between ethnic and non-ethnic students and, additionally, decomposes it in factors related to observable characteristics, such as family and school; and non-observable factors. The methodology proposed by Blinder and Oaxaca applied to quantile regression is used in order to determine the existence of test score gaps throughout the distribution of academic performance. Results indicate that for states where there is a statistically significant gap, a sizeable portion of it is attributed to nonobservable factors. Nonetheless, at distinct levels of academic performance, the gap size and the extent to which it can be attributed non-observable factors vary according to the state.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrés Sanchez - Jabba, 2011. "Etnia y rendimiento académico en Colombia," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000151:009334
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    File URL: http://revistas.urosario.edu.co/index.php/economia/article/view/2158/1886
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Rendimiento académico; etnia; educaciónacademic performance; ethnicity; education.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

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