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Finanzreformen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Analyse der Veränderungen der Finanzverfassung von 1949 bis 1989

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  • Schmidt, Torsten

Abstract

Die aktuelle Diskussion über eine Reform des deutschen Bundesstaates hat Regelungen des Grundgesetzes zum Gegenstand, die erst nach Gründung der Bundesrepublik eingeführt wurden. Dies gilt für den Länderfinanzausgleich und die vertikale Einnahmenverteilung, aber auch für die Gemeinschaftsaufgaben und die Bundesinvestitionshilfen. Eine Analyse der Grundgesetzänderungen kann daher zu einem besseren Verständnis der Funktionsweise des deutschen Bundesstaates beitragen und Ansatzpunkte für zukünftige Reformen liefern. Der Verfasser arbeitet mit Hilfe der Organisationenökonomik die Bedeutung der bundesstaatlichen Institutionen für die Veränderungen heraus. Der institutionelle Rahmen, wie die Mitwirkung der Länder auf der Bundesebene und die Kompetenzverteilung zwischen Bund und Ländern, beeinflusst die Transaktionskosten, die bei der Aufrechterhaltung und Veränderung von Institutionen aufgewendet werden müssen. Torsten Schmidt stellt die These auf, dass viele der neu geschaffenen Institutionen dazu dienen, Transaktionskosten im Bund-Länder-Verhältnis zu senken. Reformen sind immer dann zu erwarten, wenn die Entscheidungsträger durch Veränderungen der Umwelt Anreize dazu erhalten. Darüber hinaus können die Entscheidungsträger Erfahrungen mit bestehenden Institutionen sammeln, die zu Reformen führen. Da sie aber wiederum mit erheblichen Transaktionskosten verbunden sind, können keine "großen Würfe" erwartet werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Schmidt, Torsten, 2001. "Finanzreformen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Analyse der Veränderungen der Finanzverfassung von 1949 bis 1989," RWI Schriften, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, volume 67, number 67.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:rwisch:67
    DOI: 10.3790/978-3-428-50636-1
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    1. Torsten Schmidt, 2003. "Institutionelle Bedingungen eines Wettbewerbsföderalismus in Deutschland: Transaktionskosten stärker berücksichtigen," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 72(3), pages 458-471.

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